如何编写一个junit mockito测试用例答案

【问题标题】：how to write a junit mokito test case如何编写一个junit mockito测试用例
【发布时间】：2017-08-18 07:25:06
【问题描述】：

如何编写一个Junit、Mockito 测试用例来绑定结果@Valid 功能与if-else 条件示例？

@RequestMapping(value = "/scriptfile", method = RequestMethod.POST)     
public String create(
    @Valid ScriptFile scriptFile, 
    BindingResult result, 
    ModelMap modelMap
) 
{         
    if (scriptFile == null) 
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("A scriptFile is required"); 

    if (result.hasErrors()) {                 
        modelMap.addAttribute("scriptFile", scriptFile);                     
        modelMap.addAttribute("showcases", ShowCase.findAllShowCases());                     
        return "scriptfile/create";                 
    }             
    scriptFile.persist();             
    return "redirect:/scriptfile/" + scriptFile.getId();         
}

如何为上面的例子编写一个 Junitm Mockito 测试用例？

【问题讨论】：

标签： java spring-mvc junit mockito

【解决方案1】：

会是这样的。如果可以实例化对象，则可以使用 spy 而不是 mock。或者甚至创建一个ModelMap 实例并检查属性是否设置正确而不是模拟。

@Mock
private BindingResult result;

@Mock
private ModelMap modelMap;

@Mock 
private ScriptFile scriptFile;

@BeforeMethod
public void setUp() throws Exception {
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
}

@Test(expectedExceptions = {IllegalArgumentException.class})  
public void shouldThrowIllegalArgumentException() {
    create(null, result, modelMap);
}

@Test
public void shouldPersistFile() {
    Mockito.when(result.hasErrors()).thenReturn(false);
    Mockito.when(scriptFile.getId()).thenReturn("FILE_ID");

    String output = create(scriptFile, result, modelMap);

    Mockito.verify(scriptFile, times(1)).persist();
    assertEquals("redirect:/scriptfile/FILE_ID", output)
}

@Test
public void shouldHandleErrors() {
    Mockito.when(result.hasErrors()).thenReturn(true);
    Mockito.when(scriptFile.getId()).thenReturn("FILE_ID");

    String output = create(scriptFile, result, modelMap);

    Mockito.verify(modelMap, times(2)).addAttribute(Mockito.any(), Mockito.any());
    assertEquals("scriptfile/create", output)
}

【讨论】：

我会：A) 在 before 方法中使用 @Mock 而不是调用 mock() 。 B) 一定要效法他的榜样。 create() 接受 3 个参数，而不是 1 个！ C) 强调目标必须是 1) 测试方法的公共契约和 2) 最重要的是，测试生产类中的所有路径。最后：我想知道是否真的需要 mock ModelMap。仅当无法使用“正常”实现时才模拟对象。我希望可以简单地传入一张地图并进行相应的配置。
谢谢，我只是凭记忆写的，没有用 IDE 验证它:)。我也不认为 ModelMap 应该被嘲笑，但如果没有完整的代码，我就无法判断。

【解决方案2】：

我会使用 mockito 来模拟 Binding 结果和 ScriptFile 类：

@Test
public void  create_WithErrors(){
    BindingResult bindingResult = Mockito.mock(BindingResult.class);
    BindingResult scriptFile = Mockito.mock(ScriptFile.class);
    Mockito.when(bindingResult.hasErrors()).thenReturn(true);
    String result = create(scriptFile, bindingResult, new ModelMap());
    Mockito.verify(bindingResult.hasErrors());
    Mockito.verify(scriptFile .persist(), Mockito.never());
    assertThat(result, is(equalTo("scriptfile/create")))
}

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

使用spring-test MockMvC，现有代码很多，其中之一是：

Using Spring MVC Test to unit test multipart POST request

而且您的代码 sn-p 不起作用，您没有绑定参数 (@RequestParam) 也代替@RequestMapping 使用@PostMapping

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

这是一个模拟测试的例子。

package com.ase.PRODUCTS.mockito.service;

import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.ase.PRODUCTS.bean.AuthenticationStatus;
import com.ase.PRODUCTS.bean.SignUpStatus;
import com.ase.PRODUCTS.bean.User;
import com.ase.PRODUCTS.dao.UserDao;
import com.ase.PRODUCTS.repository.UserRepository;
import com.ase.PRODUCTS.service.UserService;

public class UserServiceTest {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserServiceTest.class);

    @Mock
    UserRepository mockedUserRepository;
    // UserDao mockedUserDao;

    @InjectMocks
    UserService service;

    @Before
    public void setup() {

        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    }

    @Test
    public void signUpNewUser() {
        LOGGER.info("START : Inside Unit Testing addUser() method of UserServiceTest");
        User user = new User();
        user.setEmail("kiran@gmail.com");
        LOGGER.debug("User Object :  {}", user);
        when(mockedUserRepository.findUserByEmail(user.getEmail())).thenReturn(null);

        SignUpStatus expectedStatus = new SignUpStatus(true, false);
        SignUpStatus actualStatus = service.addUser(user);

        LOGGER.debug("Expected  Output :  {}", expectedStatus);
        LOGGER.debug("Actual  Output :  {}", actualStatus);

        Assert.assertEquals(true, expectedStatus.equals(actualStatus));
        verify(mockedUserRepository, times(1)).save(Mockito.any(User.class));
        verify(mockedUserRepository, times(1)).findUserByEmail(user.getEmail());

        LOGGER.info("End : Unit Testing addUser() method of UserServiceTest");
    }

    @Test
    public void emailAlreadyExists() {
        LOGGER.info("START : Inside Unit Testing addUser() method of UserServiceTest");
        User user = new User();
        user.setEmail("kiran@gmail.com");
        LOGGER.debug("User Object :  {}", user);
        when(mockedUserRepository.findUserByEmail(user.getEmail())).thenReturn(user);

        SignUpStatus expectedStatus = new SignUpStatus(false, true);
        SignUpStatus actualStatus = service.addUser(user);

        LOGGER.debug("Expected  Output :  {}", expectedStatus);
        LOGGER.debug("Actual  Output :  {}", actualStatus);

        Assert.assertEquals(true, expectedStatus.equals(actualStatus));
        verify(mockedUserRepository, times(0)).save(Mockito.any(User.class));
        verify(mockedUserRepository, times(1)).findUserByEmail(user.getEmail());

        LOGGER.info("End : Unit Testing addUser() method of UserServiceTest");
    }

    @Test
    public void loginValidUser() {
        LOGGER.info("START : Inside Unit Testing addUser() method of UserServiceTest");
        User user = new User();
        user.setEmail("kiran@gmail.com");
        user.setPassword("123456");
        LOGGER.debug("User Object :  {}", user);
        when(mockedUserRepository.findUserByEmail(user.getEmail())).thenReturn(user);

        AuthenticationStatus expectedStatus = new AuthenticationStatus();
        expectedStatus.setAuthenticated(true);
        expectedStatus.setActualUser(user);
        AuthenticationStatus actualStatus = service.loginUser(user);

        LOGGER.debug("Expected  Output :  {}", expectedStatus);
        LOGGER.debug("Actual  Output :  {}", actualStatus);

        Assert.assertEquals(true, expectedStatus.equals(actualStatus));
        verify(mockedUserRepository, times(0)).save(Mockito.any(User.class));
        verify(mockedUserRepository, times(1)).findUserByEmail(user.getEmail());

        LOGGER.info("End : Unit Testing addUser() method of UserServiceTest");
    }

    @Test
    public void testLoginForInvalidEmail() {
        LOGGER.info("START : Inside Unit Testing addUser() method of UserServiceTest");
        User user = new User();
        user.setEmail("kiran@gmail.com");
        user.setPassword("123456");
        LOGGER.debug("User Object :  {}", user);

        AuthenticationStatus expectedStatus = new AuthenticationStatus();
        expectedStatus.setAuthenticated(false);
        expectedStatus.setActualUser(null);

        User actualUser = new User();
        actualUser.setEmail("kiran.com");
        actualUser.setPassword("123456");

        when(mockedUserRepository.findUserByEmail(user.getEmail())).thenReturn(actualUser);

        AuthenticationStatus actualStatus = service.loginUser(user);

        LOGGER.debug("Expected  Output :  {}", expectedStatus);
        LOGGER.debug("Actual  Output :  {}", actualStatus);

        Assert.assertEquals(true, expectedStatus.equals(actualStatus));

        verify(mockedUserRepository, times(1)).findUserByEmail(user.getEmail());

        LOGGER.info("End : Unit Testing addUser() method of UserServiceTest");
    }

    @Test
    public void testLoginForInvalidPassword() {
        LOGGER.info("START : Inside Unit Testing addUser() method of UserServiceTest");
        User user = new User();
        user.setEmail("kiran@gmail.com");
        user.setPassword("123456");
        LOGGER.debug("User Object :  {}", user);

        AuthenticationStatus expectedStatus = new AuthenticationStatus();
        expectedStatus.setAuthenticated(false);
        expectedStatus.setActualUser(null);

        User actualUser = new User();
        actualUser.setEmail("kiran@gmail.com");
        actualUser.setPassword("1256");

        when(mockedUserRepository.findUserByEmail(user.getEmail())).thenReturn(actualUser);

        AuthenticationStatus actualStatus = service.loginUser(user);

        LOGGER.debug("Expected  Output :  {}", expectedStatus);
        LOGGER.debug("Actual  Output :  {}", actualStatus);

        Assert.assertEquals(true, expectedStatus.equals(actualStatus));

        verify(mockedUserRepository, times(1)).findUserByEmail(user.getEmail());

        LOGGER.info("End : Unit Testing addUser() method of UserServiceTest");
    }

}

【讨论】：