Robolectric + Mockito - “想要但未调用”

Question

我正在尝试学习Robolectric 和Mockito，以实现我正在为已经运行的Android 项目创建测试。但我遇到了一些麻烦。这将使您了解我正在尝试测试的活动：

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {

    public Session session;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main_activity);

        session = getActiveSession();
        if (session == null ) {
            // ...
        } else {
            if (sessionClosed()) {
                LoginFragment fragment = new LoginFragment();
                FragmentTransaction ft = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
                ft.replace(R.id.container, fragment);
                ft.commit();
            }
        }
    }

    ...

    public Session getActiveSession() {
        return Session.getActiveSession();
    }

    public boolean sessionClosed() {
        return session.isClosed();
    }

}

这段代码的作用是获取活动的Facebook 会话，并根据它的状态显示不同的Fragment。现在我将向您展示测试类：

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class MainActivityTest {

    private ActivityController<?> controller;
    private MainActivity activity;
    private MainActivity spy;

    @Before
    public void setup() throws Exception {
        controller = Robolectric.buildActivity(MainActivity.class);
        activity = (MainActivity) controller.create().get();
        spy = Mockito.spy(activity);
    }

    @Test
    public void testShowLoginWhenSessionClosed() {
        Session session = new Session(Robolectric.application);

        Mockito.doReturn(session).when(spy).getActiveSession();
        Mockito.doReturn(true).when(spy).sessionClosed();

        Mockito.verify(spy).getActiveSession();

        Fragment fragment = activity.getSupportFragmentManager()
                .findFragmentById(R.id.container);
        Assert.assertTrue(fragment instanceof LoginFragment);
    }

}

如您所见，我在单独的 java 项目中使用 Robolectric 和 Mockito。当我运行测试类时，我得到以下信息：

Wanted but not invoked:
mainActivity.getActiveSession();
-> at org.example.MainActivityTest.testShowLoginWhenSessionClosed(MainActivityTest.java:101)
Actually, there were zero interactions with this mock.

at org.example.MainActivityTest.testShowLoginWhenSessionClosed(MainActivityTest.java:101)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:45)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:42)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:30)
at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$2.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:263)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:68)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:47)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222)
at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:158)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)

你能帮我解决这个问题吗？

编辑

我摆脱了 ActivityController，以查看手动处理生命周期是否有效，但我得到了相同的“想要但未调用”消息：

@Test
public void testShowLoginWhenSessionClosed() throws Exception {
    Session session = new Session(Robolectric.application);
    MainActivity myActivity = Mockito.mock(MainActivity.class);

    Mockito.when(myActivity.getActiveSession()).thenReturn(session);
    Mockito.when(myActivity.sessionClosed()).thenReturn(true);

    myActivity.onCreate(null);
    myActivity.getActiveSession(); // works only if i call it manually

    Mockito.verify(myActivity).getActiveSession();

    Fragment fragment = myActivity.getSupportFragmentManager()
            .findFragmentById(R.id.container);
    Assert.assertTrue(fragment instanceof LoginFragment);

}

但是这次它说：

However, there were other interactions with this mock:

指向myActivity.onCreate(null) 行。

编辑 2

如果使用 spy，并在 spy Activity 上调用 onCreate()，如下所示：

private ActivityController<MainActivity> controller;
private MainActivity activity;
private MainActivity spy;

@Before
public void setup() throws Exception {
    controller = Robolectric.buildActivity(MainActivity.class);
    activity = (MainActivity) controller.get();
}

@Test
public void testShowLoginWhenSessionClosed() throws Exception {
    Session session = new Session(Robolectric.application);
    spy = Mockito.spy(activity);

    Mockito.doReturn(session).when(spy).getActiveSession();
    Mockito.doReturn(true).when(spy).sessionClosed();

    spy.onCreate(null);

    Mockito.verify(spy).getActiveSession();

    Fragment fragment = spy.getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.container);
    Assert.assertTrue(fragment instanceof LoginFragment);

}

然后我得到以下异常，指向spy.onCreate(null)这一行：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: System services not available to Activities before onCreate()
at android.app.Activity.getSystemService(Activity.java:4492)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.from(LayoutInflater.java:211)
at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivity.getLayoutInflater(ShadowActivity.java:148)
at android.app.Activity.getLayoutInflater(Activity.java)
at org.example.MainActivityTest.testShowLoginWhenSessionClosed(MainActivityTest.java:109)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:45)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:42)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:30)
at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$2.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:263)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:68)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:47)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222)
at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:158)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)

Answer 1

你的测试有很多问题。

• 您正在创建一个间谍，但实际上并未在您的测试中使用它。
• 在调用将导致该方法被调用的代码之前，您正在尝试验证某个方法是否已被调用。
• 您从未调用过 onCreate，这似乎是您尝试测试的方法。

此外，该堆栈跟踪与您展示的代码不匹配 - 您可能正在运行旧版本的源代码。您需要清理目标目录并重建。