测试活动 onCreate 异常

Question

如果配置错误，我有以下 Activity 会引发异常。

public class MyActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        throw new IllegalStateException("something went wrong");
    }
}

我试图为这个ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2写一个测试

public void testException() throws Exception {
    try {
        getActivity().onCreate(null);
        fail();
    } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
        assertThat(e.getMessage()).contains("something went wrong");
    }
}

它会抛出正确的Exception，但由于ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2 的一些内部Sandboxing 而不会在我的catch 块中运行。

所以我用纯 Java 试了一下

public void testException() throws Exception {
    final MockNavigationDrawerActivity activity = Mockito.mock(MockNavigationDrawerActivity.class);
    Mockito.doCallRealMethod().when(activity).onCreate(null);
    try {
        activity.onCreate(null);
        fail();
    } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
        assertThat(e.getMessage()).contains("something went wrong");
    }
}

这不起作用

java.lang.AbstractMethodError: abstract method "boolean org.mockito.internal.invocation.AbstractAwareMethod.isAbstract()"
at org.mockito.internal.invocation.InvocationImpl.callRealMethod(InvocationImpl.java:109)
at org.mockito.internal.stubbing.answers.CallsRealMethods.answer(CallsRealMethods.java:41)
at org.mockito.internal.stubbing.StubbedInvocationMatcher.answer(StubbedInvocationMatcher.java:34)
at org.mockito.internal.handler.MockHandlerImpl.handle(MockHandlerImpl.java:91)
at org.mockito.internal.handler.NullResultGuardian.handle(NullResultGuardian.java:29)
at org.mockito.internal.handler.InvocationNotifierHandler.handle(InvocationNotifierHandler.java:38)
at com.google.dexmaker.mockito.InvocationHandlerAdapter.invoke(InvocationHandlerAdapter.java:49)
at MockNavigationDrawerActivity_Proxy.onCreate(MockNavigationDrawerActivity_Proxy.generated)

知道如何测试这个简单案例吗？

更新 #1

我什么都试过了。我把它降到了绝对最小值，这是行不通的。

public void testUpdate1() throws Exception {
    try {
        getActivity();
        fail();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        assertThat(e.getMessage()).contains("something went wrong");
    }
}

堆栈跟踪：

java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example/com.example.MyActivity}: java.lang.IllegalStateException: something went wrong
        at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2298)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2360)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:144)
        at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1278)
        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5221)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:899)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:694)
        Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: something went wrong
        at com.example.MyActivity.onCreate(MyActivity.java:28)
        at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5933)
        at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1105)
        at android.support.test.runner.MonitoringInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(MonitoringInstrumentation.java:346)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2251)
        ... 10 more

更新 #2

我从头开始。生成了一个新项目，抛出了异常

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    throw new IllegalStateException("something");
}

an 试图用 Throwable 捕获它。

public class MainActivityTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<MainActivity> {

    public MainActivityTest() {
        super(MainActivity.class);
    }

    public void testOnCreate() throws Exception {
        try {
            getActivity();
            fail();
        } catch (Throwable throwable) {
            assertTrue(throwable.getCause().getMessage().contains("something"));
        }

    }
}

我得到了这个（完整的）堆栈跟踪，它不会导致我的测试。系统似乎调用了onCreate，可能来自不同的进程，而不是我的测试。

Process: com.pascalwelsch.onccreatetest, PID: 3915    java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.pascalwelsch.onccreatetest/com.pascalwelsch.onccreatetest.MainActivity}: java.lang.IllegalStateException: something
        at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2298)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2360)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:144)
        at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1278)
        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5221)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:899)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:694)
 Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: something
        at com.pascalwelsch.onccreatetest.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:15)
        at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5933)
        at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1105)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2251)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2360)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:144)
            at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1278)
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5221)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:899)

Answer 1

你正在投掷 IllegalArgumentException 并接住 IllegalStateException。您可以使用 catch Exception 添加另一个 catch 块 - 它会起作用。

Answer 2

您为什么要模拟您要测试的课程？您应该模拟 MyActivity 的依赖项，以测试其方法是否正确使用模拟。

例如，如果您想测试依赖于B 和C 的类A，那么您想为B 和C 创建2 个模拟以及A 的具体对象。然后你在你的对象中注入这 2 个模拟，你就可以开始调用它的方法了。

这可能也是您收到java.lang.AbstractMethodError 的原因（不过没有足够的代码来确认它）。如果你在 mock 上调用一个真实的方法，而这个方法是抽象的（例如你正在模拟一个接口或抽象类），那么就会抛出这个错误。

下面我发布了一些代码和一个测试作为示例，说明如何将模拟插入到具体对象中。

在代码中：

class A {
  B b;
  C c;

  void doSomething() {
    b.aMethod();
    c.anotherMethod();
    throw new IllegalArgumentException("something went wrong");
  }
}
interface B {
  void aMethod();
}
abstract class C {
  void anotherMethod();
}

通过测试：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
class ATest {
  @Mock B b;
  @Mock C c;
  // The inject mocks will insert both b and c into a by using reflection
  @InjectMocks A a;

  @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
  public void testSomething() {
    a.doSomething();
  }
}

Answer 3

getActivity 确实在调用 onCreate 方法，因此它因您的编程异常而失败，并以您生成的异常为根本原因抛出另一个 (RuntimeException)。