使用 mockito 进行 JUnit 测试

Question

我有这个过滤器类，在使用 junit 进行测试时需要尽可能高的代码覆盖率。

public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
    HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
    HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
    String userId= request.getHeader(Constants.USER_ID);

    if (StringUtils.isEmpty(userId)) {
        LOGGER.error("User Id is missing in request header.");
        isAuthorized = false;
    } 

    if (!isAuthorized) {
        LOGGER.warn("Authorization failed: User ID =[{}] is not authorized to access.", userId);
        response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");
        response.getWriter().write(errorMsg);
    } else {
        filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
    }
}

和测试类：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class SampleFilterTest {

    @Mock
    FilterConfig filterConfig;

    ServletRequest servletRequest;
    ServletResponse servletResponse;
    HttpServletRequest request;

    @Mock
    FilterChain filterChain;

    @Mock
    HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse;


    @InjectMocks
    SampleFilter sampleFilter;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    }

    @Test
    public void init() throws ServletException {
        sampleFilter.init(filterConfig);
    }

    @Test
    public void doFilter() throws IOException, ServletException{
        //when(request.getHeader(Constants.USER_ID)).thenReturn("batman");
        sampleFilter.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse, filterChain);
    }

    @Test
    public void destroy() {
        sampleFilter.destroy();
    }
}

当我运行 doFilter() 时，它会在

处返回 NullPointerException

String userId= request.getHeader(Constants.USER_ID);

线。

如何避免这种情况？

我需要调用此方法并执行其中的任何内容以提供所需的代码覆盖率。

Answer 1

问题是

HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;

正在转换为 null，因为您传入了一个不会转换为 HttpServletRequest 的 ServletRequest

在被测方法中模拟您尝试将其转换为的实际类型。

例如

//...

@Test
public void doFilter() throws IOException, ServletException {
    //Arrange
    //mock HttpServletResponse so cast does not fail
    ServletRequest request = mock(HttpServletRequest.class);
    when(request.getHeader(Constants.USER_ID)).thenReturn("batman");

    ServletResponse response = mock(HttpServletResponse.class);
    //setup response as neded. Looks like `.getWriter().write(errorMsg);` needs mocking

    //Act
    sampleFilter.doFilter(request, response, filterChain);

    //Assert
    //...
}