失败/错误：config.include ::Rails::Controller::Testing::TemplateAssertions，类型：:controller答案

【问题标题】：Failure/Error: config.include ::Rails::Controller::Testing::TemplateAssertions, type: :controller失败/错误：config.include ::Rails::Controller::Testing::TemplateAssertions，类型：:controller
【发布时间】：2021-01-28 21:40:29
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试运行单个测试文件：bundle exec rspec spec/models/user_spec.rb

但得到以下错误：

    An error occurred while loading ./spec/models/user_spec.rb.
Failure/Error: config.include ::Rails::Controller::Testing::TemplateAssertions, type: :controller

NameError:
  uninitialized constant Rails::Controller
  Did you mean?  ApiController
# ./spec/rails_helper.rb:149:in `block in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/rails_helper.rb:61:in `<top (required)>'
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:3:in `require'
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
No examples found.

最初，我收到以下错误：

An error occurred while loading ./spec/models/user_spec.rb.
Failure/Error: module Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveModel

NameError:
  uninitialized constant Shoulda
# ./spec/support/matchers/validate_kept_of_matcher.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
# ./spec/rails_helper.rb:51:in `block in <top (required)>'
# ./spec/rails_helper.rb:51:in `each'
# ./spec/rails_helper.rb:51:in `<top (required)>'
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:3:in `require'
# ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
No examples found.

但是在我将以下内容添加到测试文件后它就修复了。

require "shoulda/matchers"

我是 Ruby/Rails 世界的新手，有人可以指点一下吗？

【问题讨论】：

标签： ruby-on-rails ruby rspec

【解决方案1】：

Rails::Controller::Testing::TemplateAssertionswas removed in Rails 5.

您可以通过安装Rails controller testing gem 重新添加已弃用的功能。然而，RSpec 和 Rails 团队都不鼓励使用控制器规范、分配和模板断言，并且不是很有未来的证明。

社区接受的解决方案是写 request specs 并停止在你的控制器中戳。

【讨论】：