Bundler 在我的“生产”服务器上运行时忽略安装 MySQL2 gem

Question

我正在尝试使用 Capistrano 在我的生产服务器上安装“mysql2”gem。

我想在开发中使用 SQLite，在生产中使用 MySQL。

我在 Windows 7 机器上开发，生产使用的是 Ubuntu。

当我在我的开发机器上运行 bundle install 时，它会安装 MySQL2。

当 Capistrano 对我的生产机器运行它时，它甚至没有在输出中提及。

当我在生产机器上直接在 shell 上运行相同的命令时，它也没有提到 gem。

我还发现 gem 'therubyracer', :platforms => :ruby 没有安装。我在 mysql2 条目之后添加了这个。我希望这两者是相关的。在我添加 therubyracer 之前，mysql2 无法正常工作。

由于上述所有原因，我在尝试查看我的网站时收到以下错误：

请安装 mysql2 适配器：gem install activerecord-mysql2-adapter（mysql2 不是捆绑包的一部分。将其添加到 Gemfile。）

附加信息

我希望我在下面包含的信息量比痛苦更有用。

宝石文件

我很感激我可以将 mysql2 放在“生产”中，但这没有用。

source 'http://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails', '3.1.1'
gem 'nokogiri'
gem 'bcrypt-ruby'
gem 'faker'
gem 'will_paginate'
gem 'capistrano'
gem 'capistrano-ext'
gem 'mysql2', "~> 0.3"
gem 'therubyracer', :platforms => :ruby
gem 'sqlite3'

# Gems used only for assets and not required
# in production environments by default.
group :assets do
  gem 'sass-rails',   '~> 3.1.4'
  gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 3.1.1'
  gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.0.3'
end

gem 'jquery-rails'

group :test do
  # Pretty printed test output
  gem 'turn', :require => false
end

Capistrano Bundle Install 命令的输出

  * executing "cd /home/gannicott.co.uk/production/listen/www/releases/20120223225131 && bundle install --gemfile /home/gannicott.co.uk/prod
uction/listen/www/releases/20120223225131/Gemfile --path /home/gannicott.co.uk/production/listen/www/shared/bundle --deployment --without de
velopment test"
    servers: ["homer.gannicott.co.uk"]
    [homer.gannicott.co.uk] executing command
    [homer.gannicott.co.uk] sh -c 'cd /home/gannicott.co.uk/production/listen/www/releases/20120223225131 && bundle install --gemfile /home/
gannicott.co.uk/production/listen/www/releases/20120223225131/Gemfile --path /home/gannicott.co.uk/production/listen/www/shared/bundle --dep
loyment --without development test'
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing rake (0.9.2.2)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing multi_json (1.1.0)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing activesupport (3.1.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing builder (3.0.0)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing i18n (0.6.0)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing activemodel (3.1.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing erubis (2.7.0)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing rack (1.3.6)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing rack-cache (1.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing rack-mount (0.8.3)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing rack-test (0.6.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing hike (1.2.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing tilt (1.3.3)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing sprockets (2.0.3)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing actionpack (3.1.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing mime-types (1.17.2)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing polyglot (0.3.3)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing treetop (1.4.10)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing mail (2.3.0)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing actionmailer (3.1.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing arel (2.2.3)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing tzinfo (0.3.31)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing activerecord (3.1.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing activeresource (3.1.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing highline (1.6.11)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing net-ssh (2.3.0)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing net-scp (1.0.4)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing net-sftp (2.0.5)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing net-ssh-gateway (1.1.0)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing capistrano (2.11.2)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing capistrano-ext (1.2.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing coffee-script-source (1.2.0)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing execjs (1.3.0)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing coffee-script (2.2.0)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing rack-ssl (1.3.2)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing json (1.6.5)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] with native extensions
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing rdoc (3.12)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing thor (0.14.6)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing railties (3.1.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing coffee-rails (3.1.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing faker (1.0.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing jquery-rails (1.0.19)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Using bundler (1.0.21)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing rails (3.1.1)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing sass (3.1.15)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing sass-rails (3.1.5)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing uglifier (1.2.3)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Installing will_paginate (3.0.3)
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Updating .gem files in vendor/cache
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk] Your bundle is complete! It was installed into /home/gannicott.co.uk/production/listen/www/shared/bundle
 ** [out :: homer.gannicott.co.uk]
    command finished in 12924ms

capistrano 的 deploy.rb

require 'bundler/capistrano'
require 'capistrano/ext/multistage'
# Based on: http://guides.beanstalkapp.com/deployments/deploy-with-capistrano.html
set :application, "listen_later"

set :scm, :git
set :repository, "repos location"
set :scm_passphrase, "passphrase"

set :user, "username"

set :stages, ["staging", "production"]
set :default_stage, "staging"

# The following needs to be added to avoid a failure (http://discuss.joyent.com/viewtopic.php?id=27326)
default_run_options[:pty] = true

namespace :deploy do
  desc "Tell Passenger to restart the app."
  task :restart do
    run "touch #{current_path}/tmp/restart.txt"
  end
end

# Removed --silent so I can see what's going on
set :bundle_flags,    "--deployment"

capistrano 的生产部署文件

server "homer.gannicott.co.uk", :app, :web, :db, :primary => true
set :deploy_to, "/home/gannicott.co.uk/production/listen/www"

数据库配置文件

# SQLite version 3.x
#   gem install sqlite3
#
#   Ensure the SQLite 3 gem is defined in your Gemfile
#   gem 'sqlite3'
development:
  adapter: sqlite3
  database: db/development.sqlite3
  pool: 5
  timeout: 5000

# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
test:
  adapter: sqlite3
  database: db/test.sqlite3
  pool: 5
  timeout: 5000

production:
  adapter: mysql2
  encoding: utf8
  reconnect: false
  database: databasename
  pool: 5
  username: username
  password: password
  #socket: **/opt/local/var/run/mysql5/mysqld.sock**

#  adapter: sqlite3
#  database: db/production.sqlite3
#  pool: 5
#  timeout: 5000

干杯！

Answer 1

全部排序。虽然这是一种解决方法，但我并不完全满意。

研究

更多 Google 搜索将我带到此页面：

http://redmine.autotelik.co.uk/blogs（搜索“mysql2”会找到相关部分）

这导致我...堆栈溢出（当然！）：

Make bundler use different gems for different platforms

这又导致我：

https://github.com/carlhuda/bundler/issues/646

问题

当您在 Windows 上运行 Bundler 时，它包含一个适用于 Windows 版本的 mysql2 的条目。但是，这与 Linux 上的要求不同。因此，Gemfile.lock 文件不适合在 Linux 上使用。

解决方案

目标是让 Bundler 生成的 Gemfile.lock 文件在生产服务器上生成。根据我的阅读，通常不建议这样做。也就是说，要实现这一点......

我的 git 存储库中不再包含 Gemfile.lock 文件：

echo 'Gemfile.lock' >> .gitignore

我已经从 git 中删除了文件：

git rm Gemfile.lock
git commit -am "Removing Gemfile.lock to cope with Windows and Linux differences"
git push

我已通过将以下行添加到我的config/deploy.rb 来告诉 Capistrano 不要在部署模式下运行：

set :bundle_flags,    ""

您可能希望在引号中包含 --quiet 标志，但经过这次体验后，我很想看看部署时安装了什么。

现在当我运行cap production deploy 时，它每次都会重新生成Gemfile.lock 文件。这意味着现在我的生产服务器上使用了正确版本的 mysql2。

我想这可以改进，但现在它对我有用。

希望有一天这对某人有所帮助。

Answer 2

therubyracer gem 也有同样的问题。在windows上编码，在linux上部署。

在我的 Gemfile 中，我使用：

group :production do
  gem 'libv8', '= 3.3.10.4'
  gem 'therubyracer'
end

在 Windows 上，我使用以下命令生成 Gemfile.lock：

bundle install --without production

therubyracer 依赖于libv8，它不应该是明确的状态 但由于“捆绑安装”解决了对 Windows 的依赖，Windows 上的 libv8 版本可能与 linux 上的 libv8 不同。我被这个版本问题困住了，要找出到底出了什么问题真的很棘手！

生成的Gemfile.lock：（缩短）

GEM  
  specs:
    libv8 (3.3.10.4)
    therubyracer (0.10.2)
      libv8 (~> 3.3.10)    

PLATFORMS
  x86-mingw32

DEPENDENCIES  
  libv8 (= 3.3.10.4)
  therubyracer

然后，这在没有任何脚本或没有版本控制Gemfile.lock

的情况下完美运行

bundle install --deployment

Answer 3

现在可以在 Bundler 版本 1.1.5

中使用

唯一需要注意的是，它不会自动在您的平台部分下添加 ruby​​。好消息是它也不会删除该行。

除此之外，它还会在平台特定版本之前列出 gem 的平台无关版本。

PLATFORMS
  ruby
  x86-mingw32

在您的情况下，您应该看到如下内容：

mysql2 (0.3.11)
mysql2 (0.3.11-x86-mingw32)

不仅仅是：

mysql2 (0.3.11-x86-mingw32)

使用新版本的捆绑器。