如何在 ubuntu 上为 python ML 安装软件包？

Question

我在尝试在 Ubuntu 上安装以下软件包时遇到问题：

• scipy
• numpy
• matplotlib
• 熊猫
• sklearn

当我执行命令时：
sudo apt-get install python-numpy python-scipy python-matplotlib ipython ipython-notebook python-pandas python-sympy python-nose

我收到以下消息：
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done build-essential is already the newest version (12.1ubuntu2). You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies. libatlas-dev : Depends: libblas-dev but it is not going to be installed libatlas3-base : Depends: libgfortran3 (>= 4.6) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libblas-common but it is not going to be installed python-dev : Depends: libpython-dev (= 2.7.11-1) but it is not going to be installed Depends: python2.7-dev (>= 2.7.11-1~) but it is not going to be installed python-scipy : Depends: python-decorator but it is not going to be installed Depends: libgfortran3 (>= 4.6) but it is not going to be installed Recommends: python-imaging but it is not going to be installed python-setuptools : Depends: python-pkg-resources (= 20.7.0-1) but it is not going to be installed rstudio : Depends: libjpeg62 but it is not going to be installed Depends: libgstreamer0.10-0 but it is not going to be installed Depends: libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 but it is not going to be installed Recommends: r-base (>= 2.11.1) but it is not going to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

所以包安装失败，但是我真的需要这些包来开始一个新项目，我怎样才能成功安装这些包？

Answer 1

按照建议运行“sudo apt-get -f install”。

您的 apt 存储库似乎已损坏。该命令将修复它。 （-f 用于修复损坏）见http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/man8/apt-get.8.html

（ps：我删除了我之前的答案，并决定开始一个干净的答案。）

Answer 2

你无法使用 apt-get 安装它。你需要先安装pip。安装 pip 后，谷歌一下如何使用 pip 安装不同的包

Answer 3

试试这个：-

sudo apt-get install python-pip

要验证下载是否成功，请尝试以下命令。

pip -V

你应该得到这样的东西：-

#pip -V
pip 8.1.1 from /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (python 2.7)

之后只需运行以下命令：-

sudo pip install numpy scipy pandas sklearn matplotlib

这样就可以了。