关系控制器的 Rspec 失败，找不到具有 'id'= 的用户答案

【问题标题】：Rspec failure for relationships controller, Couldn't find User with 'id'=关系控制器的 Rspec 失败，找不到具有 'id'= 的用户
【发布时间】：2016-05-03 10:47:45
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试为我的关系控制器制定规范，但 #create 方法失败（找不到具有 'id'= 的用户）。你能告诉我如何解决这个问题吗？感谢您的帮助，如果您有任何问题，请提出。 :)

relationships_controller：

class RelationshipsController < InheritedResources::Base

  def create
    user = User.find(params[:followed_id])
    current_user.follow(user)
    redirect_to user
  end

  def destroy
    user = Relationship.find(params[:id]).followed
    current_user.unfollow(user)
    redirect_to user
  end
end

relationships_controller_spec：

require 'rails_helper'

describe RelationshipsController do
  let(:relationship) { create(:relationship) }
  let(:user) { create(:user) }

  before do
    sign_in :user, create(:user)
  end


  describe '#create' do
    let!(:user) { create(:user) }
    it "should require logged-in user to create relationship" do
      post :create, followed_id: user.id
      expect{
        Relationship.create
      }.to change(Relationship, :count).by(1)
      redirect_to root_path
    end
  end


  describe '#create' do
    let!(:relationship) { create(:relationship) }

    it "should require logged-in user to destroy relationship" do
      expect {
        delete :destroy, id: relationship.id
      }.to change(Relationship, :count).by(-1)
      redirect_to root_path
    end
  end
end

失败：

RelationshipsController
  #create
    should require logged-in user to destroy relationship
  #create
    should require logged-in user to create relationship (FAILED - 1)

Failures:

  1) RelationshipsController#create should require logged-in user to create relationship
     Failure/Error:
       expect{
         Relationship.create
       }.to change(Relationship, :count).by(1)

       expected #count to have changed by 1, but was changed by 0

关系：

class Relationship < ActiveRecord::Base
  #Associations
  belongs_to :follower, class_name: "User"
  belongs_to :followed, class_name: "User"

#Validations
  validates :follower_id, presence: true
  validates :followed_id, presence: true
end

用户：

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
      # Associations
      has_many :active_relationships, class_name:  "Relationship",
                                      foreign_key: "follower_id",
                                      dependent:   :destroy
      has_many :passive_relationships, class_name:  "Relationship",
                                      foreign_key: "followed_id",
                                      dependent:   :destroy
      has_many :following, through: :active_relationships, source: :followed
      has_many :followers, through: :passive_relationships, source: :follower

      # Follows a user.
      def follow(other_user)
        active_relationships.create(followed_id: other_user.id)
      end
    end

【问题讨论】：

你还没有发布followed_id参数
我的意思是在您的控制器规范中，当您发出发布请求时
另外，您的期望是手动创建关系然后检查计数。这实际上并不是在测试您的控制器。
@AaronWashburn 你能否解释一下你的评论，也许有一个例子或教程。谢谢
@Jony，您正在调用 Relationship.create 然后检查是否创建了关系。这是在测试您的模型，而不是您的控制器。如果您查看销毁规范，您将直接使用销毁控制器操作来更改关系计数。你想为你的创建动作做同样的事情。然后，不要忘记正确命名您的测试描述，以便其他人知道您正在尝试做什么。

标签： ruby-on-rails unit-testing rspec rspec-rails

【解决方案1】：

在规范中传递 :followed_id 并再次运行它

describe '#create' do
it "should require logged-in user to create relationship" do
  post :create, followed_id: user.id
  expect{
    Relationship.create
  }.to change(Relationship, :count).by(1)
  redirect_to root_path
end

结束

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

在你的测试中 -

describe RelationshipsController do
  let(:relationship) { create(:relationship) }
  let(:user) { create(:user) }

直到需要时才会创建用户。

describe RelationshipsController do
  let(:relationship) { create(:relationship) }
  let!(:user) { create(:user) }

使用 !运算符强制创建用户变量并将其存储到数据库中。否则，该变量是延迟加载的（仅在需要时）。这就是为什么它在数据库中不可用

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

这解决了：

  describe '#create' do
    let!(:followed) { create(:user) }
    it "should require logged-in user to create relationship" do
      expect{
        post :create, followed_id: followed.id
      }.to change(Relationship, :count).by(1)
      redirect_to root_path
    end
  end

【讨论】：