我的 apt 搞砸了安装 boost

Question

在 ubuntu 上

#> sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies.
 libboost-all-dev : Depends: libboost-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-atomic-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-chrono-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-context-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-date-time-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-exception-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-filesystem-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-graph-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-graph-parallel-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-iostreams-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-locale-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-math-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-mpi-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-mpi-python-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-program-options-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-python-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-random-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-regex-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-serialization-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-signals-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-system-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-test-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-thread-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-timer-dev but it is not going to be installed
                    Depends: libboost-wave-dev but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-chrono1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-date-time1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-exception1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-filesystem1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-graph-parallel1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-graph1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-iostreams1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-locale1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-log1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-math1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-mpi1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-program-options1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-python1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-random1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-regex1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-serialization1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-signals1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-system1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-test1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-thread1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-timer1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost-wave1.54-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev (= 1.54.0-2ubuntu3) but it is not going to be installed
 libboost1.54-all-dev : Depends: libboost1.54-dev but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

最后一行：尝试不使用任何软件包的“apt-get -f install”（或指定解决方案）。

好的。

#> sudo apt-get -f install

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libboost-atomic1.53.0 libboost-chrono1.53.0 libboost-context1.53.0 libboost-graph-parallel1.53.0 libboost-graph1.53.0 libboost-iostreams1.53.0 libboost-math1.53.0 libboost-mpi1.53.0 libboost-python1.53.0 libboost-random1.53.0
  libboost-serialization1.53.0 libboost-signals1.53.0 libboost-test1.53.0 libboost-timer1.53.0 libboost-tools-dev libboost-wave1.53.0 libboost1.53-tools-dev openjdk-7-jre-lib
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
  libboost1.54-dev
Suggested packages:
  libboost1.54-doc libboost-coroutine.54-dev libboost-log.54-dev doxygen default-jdk fop
The following NEW packages will be installed
  libboost1.54-dev
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
51 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/10.3 MB of archives.
After this operation, 101 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
(Reading database ... 253168 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking libboost1.54-dev (from .../libboost1.54-dev_1.54.0-2ubuntu3_i386.deb) ...
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libboost1.54-dev_1.54.0-2ubuntu3_i386.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/share/boostbook/xsl/docbook-layout.xsl', which is also in package libboost1.53-tools-dev 1.53.0-6+exp3ubuntu8
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/libboost1.54-dev_1.54.0-2ubuntu3_i386.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

我该如何摆脱这种混乱？谢谢。

Answer 1

有些命令是多余的，但作为一个很好的衡量标准：

sudo apt-get --purge remove libboost-all-dev libboost-dev libboost-doc
sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libboost1.54-dev

注意apt-get clean - 它会清除/var/cache/apt/archives 中检索到的包的本地repo。你不应该在那里存储任何东西，也不应该存储任何应用程序，但请注意缓存将会消失。

Answer 2

我刚才也遇到了同样的问题。 解决它

1. 从Ubuntu packages site下载libboost1.54-dev deb包

2. 强制覆盖冲突

   sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite libboost1.54-dev_1.54.0-2ubuntu3_amd64.deb

3. 然后安装失败的包

   sudo apt-get install -f

4. 用

   移除 boost 1.53

   sudo apt-get 自动删除

Answer 3

这个 repo https://launchpad.net/~boost-latest/+archive/ubuntu/ppa 包含所有版本的 libboost 并为我修复了它！

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:boost-latest/ppa sudo apt-get update

现在你可以安装你想要的版本了，写这篇文章的时候最新的是 1.55：

sudo apt-get install libboost1X.55-all-dev

Answer 4

我最初尝试了上面mockinterface的建议并坚持了下来，但仍然遇到了问题。

最后我检查了错误是在包上：libboost1.54-dev_1.54.0-2ubuntu3_amd64.deb

所以我跑了：sudo dpkg -i --force-overwrite /var/cache/apt/archives/libboost1.54-dev_1.54.0-2ubuntu3_amd64.deb

然后我运行了 apt-get update 和 apt-get upgrade ，再次对系统感到满意。

apt-get 升级很重要，因为它会再次正确设置各种库。

Answer 5

对我来说，它可以手动安装“不会安装”的软件包（按此顺序）：

sudo apt-get install libboost1.46-dev sudo apt-get install libboost-dev sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev

安装工作正常，但我还没有测试包是否工作。

Answer 6

我尝试了@mockinterface 的用途，但使用了synaptic。尽可能完全删除任何提及 boost 的内容，并注明被杀死的内容（奇怪的是，aptitude 等）以便稍后重新安装。

然后正如@Igor R. 在评论中建议的那样，从源代码构建boost。

那时/usr/local/lib/liboost*.so* 充满了东西，我相信比 Debian/Ubuntu 存储库更古老。

然而，删除 所有 boost 似乎是一项艰巨的任务，因为 libreoffice、compiz 和 unity 依赖于 libboost-date-time1.54.0、libboost-program-options1.46.1 和 libboost-serialization1.46.。

Answer 7

sudo aptitude install libboost1.55-all-dev

这终于对我有用了。