在生产服务器上编译资产时出错答案

【问题标题】：Error when compiling assets on the production server在生产服务器上编译资产时出错
【发布时间】：2016-03-22 16:42:18
【问题描述】：

我尝试使用 Capistrano 部署我的 Rails 应用程序，但出现以下错误：

NoMethodError: undefined method `to_h' for nil:NilClass

这是堆栈跟踪，看起来可能是 Sprockets 问题，但我不知道为什么：

/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-es6-0.9.0/lib/sprockets/es6.rb:14:in `configuration_hash'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-es6-0.9.0/lib/sprockets/es6.rb:40:in `configuration_hash'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-es6-0.9.0/lib/sprockets/es6.rb:44:in `initialize'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-es6-0.9.0/lib/sprockets/es6.rb:21:in `new'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-es6-0.9.0/lib/sprockets/es6.rb:21:in `instance'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-es6-0.9.0/lib/sprockets/es6.rb:34:in `call'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:75:in `call_processor'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:57:in `block in call_processors'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:56:in `reverse_each'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:56:in `call_processors'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/loader.rb:134:in `load_from_unloaded'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/loader.rb:60:in `block in load'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/loader.rb:318:in `fetch_asset_from_dependency_cache'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/loader.rb:44:in `load'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:20:in `block in initialize'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:47:in `yield'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:47:in `default'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:47:in `load'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/bundle.rb:23:in `block in call'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/utils.rb:183:in `dfs'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/bundle.rb:24:in `call'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:75:in `call_processor'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:57:in `block in call_processors'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:56:in `reverse_each'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:56:in `call_processors'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/loader.rb:134:in `load_from_unloaded'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/loader.rb:60:in `block in load'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/loader.rb:318:in `fetch_asset_from_dependency_cache'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/loader.rb:44:in `load'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:20:in `block in initialize'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:47:in `yield'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:47:in `default'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:47:in `load'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:66:in `find_asset'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/base.rb:73:in `find_all_linked_assets'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/manifest.rb:142:in `block in find'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/legacy.rb:114:in `block (2 levels) in logical_paths'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/path_utils.rb:225:in `block in stat_tree'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/path_utils.rb:209:in `block in stat_directory'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/path_utils.rb:206:in `each'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/path_utils.rb:206:in `stat_directory'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/path_utils.rb:224:in `stat_tree'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/legacy.rb:105:in `each'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/legacy.rb:105:in `block in logical_paths'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/legacy.rb:104:in `each'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/legacy.rb:104:in `logical_paths'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/manifest.rb:140:in `find'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/sprockets/manifest.rb:168:in `compile'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-rails-2.3.3/lib/sprockets/rails/task.rb:70:in `block (3 levels) in define'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-3.5.2/lib/rake/sprocketstask.rb:147:in `with_logger'
/var/www/paperless_office/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/sprockets-rails-2.3.3/lib/sprockets/rails/task.rb:69:in `block (2 levels) in define'
Tasks: TOP => assets:precompile

这是我的本地环境：

OSX 10.11.3
Ruby 2.1.3p242
Rails 4.1.0
Rake 10.3.2
Sprockets-Rails 2.3.3
Capistrano 3.4.0

这是我的生产环境：

Centos 5
ruby 2.1.3p242 (managed by rbenv)

我目前安装的 gem 是：

bigdecimal (1.2.4)
bundler (1.11.2)
io-console (0.4.2)
json (1.8.1)
minitest (4.7.5)
psych (2.0.5)
rake (10.1.0)
rdoc (4.1.0)
test-unit (2.1.3.0)

我已经可以跑了：

gem install bundler

但是，如果我运行：

gem install rails

我明白了：

ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError)
    bad response Service Unavailable 503 (https://api.rubygems.org/api/v1/dependencies?gems=rack)

这与我最初的问题有关吗？

【问题讨论】：

你确定这不是 Rubygems 网站的小故障吗？
"undefined method 'to_h' for nil:NilClass" 并没有告诉我们太多。它还应该告诉您它所在的行号和文件。您有一个未初始化的值，但我们不知道它是什么。
您发布了日志中无用的部分，这部分是在 ruby 1.9.1 下运行的。也许这就是问题所在？
正如 Mike 之前提到的，Capistrano 似乎正在运行不同的 Ruby。也许this will help你？
@David K-J 谢谢，该帖子似乎可以解决问题。直到星期四我才能再次访问服务器，所以我会尝试。

标签： ruby ruby-on-rails-4 asset-pipeline sprockets capistrano3

【解决方案1】：

对于遇到此问题的任何人，由于@DavidK-J 发布的链接为我指明了正确的方向，因此问题已得到解决。我需要使用 rbenv 的设置更新 cap 文件，如下所示：

Capfile

require 'capistrano/rbenv'

部署.rb

set :rbenv_type, :system
set :rbenv_path, '~/.rbenv'
set :rbenv_ruby, "2.1.3"
set :rbenv_prefix, "RBENV_ROOT=#{fetch(:rbenv_path)} RBENV_VERSION=#{fetch(:rbenv_ruby)} #{fetch(:rbenv_path)}/bin/rbenv exec"
set :rbenv_map_bins, %w{rake gem bundle ruby rails}
set :rbenv_roles, :all

然后我不得不用 rbenv 的路径更新乘客的配置，在我的例子中是：

~/.rbenv

其他人。

保罗

【讨论】：