使用 capistrano 部署到 staging 的 Rails 会生成以下错误

Question

当我尝试从本地机器 (MAC) {Rails app} 使用 capistrano gem 部署到服务器时，我得到以下信息。我是 Rails 新手

user-mbp:xp user$ cap staging deploy
Server password:
********
DEBUG [c6110f69] Running /usr/bin/env [ -d ~/.rbenv ] as deployer@server.com
DEBUG [c6110f69] Command: [ -d ~/.rbenv ]
DEBUG [c6110f69] Finished in 6.956 seconds with exit status 0 (successful).
INFO [e385c416] Running /usr/bin/env mkdir -p /tmp/pepe/ as deployer@server.com
DEBUG [e385c416] Command: ( RBENV_ROOT=~/.rbenv RBENV_VERSION=2.0.0-p353 /usr/bin/env mkdir -p /tmp/pepe/ )
INFO [e385c416] Finished in 0.098 seconds with exit status 0 (successful).
DEBUG Uploading /tmp/pepe/git-ssh.sh 0.0%
INFO Uploading /tmp/pepe/git-ssh.sh 100.0%
INFO [191046c4] Running /usr/bin/env chmod +x /tmp/pepe/git-ssh.sh as deployer@server.com
DEBUG [191046c4] Command: ( RBENV_ROOT=~/.rbenv RBENV_VERSION=2.0.0-p353 /usr/bin/env chmod +x /tmp/pepe/git-ssh.sh )`enter code here`
INFO [191046c4] Finished in 0.119 seconds with exit status 0 (successful).
INFO [bd99c2fc] Running /usr/bin/env git ls-remote --heads ssh://git@git.xxx.xx.com/xp.git as deployer@server.com
DEBUG [bd99c2fc] Command: ( RBENV_ROOT=~/.rbenv RBENV_VERSION=2.0.0-p353 GIT_ASKPASS=/bin/echo GIT_SSH=/tmp/pepe/git-ssh.sh /usr/bin/env git ls-remote --heads ssh://git@git.xxx.xx.com/xp.git )
DEBUG [bd99c2fc]    Permission denied (publickey,password).
DEBUG [bd99c2fc]    fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly
(Backtrace restricted to imported tasks)
cap aborted!
SSHKit::Runner::ExecuteError: Exception while executing as deployer@server.com: git exit status: 128
git stdout: Nothing written
git stderr: Permission denied (publickey,password).
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly

SSHKit::Command::Failed: git exit status: 128
git stdout: Nothing written
git stderr: Permission denied (publickey,password).
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly

我尝试了git:check，但仍然显示相同。

Tasks: TOP => git:check
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
The deploy has failed with an error: Exception while executing as deployer@server.com: git exit status: 128
git stdout: Nothing written
git stderr: Permission denied (publickey,password).
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly

暂存.rb

# *************************************************************** #
require 'highline'

set :stage, :staging

set :password, HighLine.new.ask('Server password:') { |q| q.echo = '*'}
server 'xx.x.com', user: 'deployer', password: fetch(:password), roles: %w{web app db}, primary: true
set :test_url, 'https://xx.x.com'
set :version, `git describe --always`

# you can set custom ssh options
# it's possible to pass any option but you need to keep in mind that net/ssh understand limited list of options
# you can see them in [net/ssh documentation](http://net-ssh.github.io/net-ssh/classes/Net/SSH.html#method-c-start)
# set it globally
#  set :ssh_options, {
#    keys: %w(/home/rlisowski/.ssh/id_rsa),
#    forward_agent: false,
#    auth_methods: %w(password)
#  }
# and/or per server
# server 'example.com',
#   user: 'user_name',
#   roles: %w{web app},
#   ssh_options: {
#     user: 'user_name', # overrides user setting above
#     keys: %w(/home/user_name/.ssh/id_rsa),
#     forward_agent: false,
#     auth_methods: %w(publickey password)
#     # password: 'please use keys'
#   }
# setting per server overrides global ssh_options

# fetch(:default_env).merge!(rails_env: :staging)

Answer 1

有两种可能的解决方案

1. 将您的私钥复制到您的部署机器 正如您可以推送到 Github（这是我的理解），您在开发机器上有一个私钥，在 Github 上有相应的公钥。您可以将您的私钥复制到您的部署机器上以消除错误

   develeopment-machine$ scp ~/.ssh/id-rsa.pub deployment-machine:key

然后 ssh 到您的部署机器并执行

deployment-machine$ mv ~/.ssh/id-rsa.pub ~/.ssh/id-rsa.old
deployment-machine$ mv ~/key ~/.ssh/id-rsa.pub

1. 在您的部署机器上创建一个密钥并将公钥添加到 Github 在Github Help 有一个易于理解的解释如何做到这一点

希望这会有所帮助。

使用 Capistrano 的项目链接

如果您使用的是 Rails 3：

• capfile
• deploy.rb
• environments
• development notebook

如果您使用的是 Rails 4：

• capfile
• deploy.rb
• environments
• development notebook