尝试使用 Carrierwave Gem 上传器时出现 Nokogiri 不兼容的库错误 - Rails答案

【问题标题】：Nokogiri Incompatible Library Error when trying to Use Carrierwave Gem uploader - Rails尝试使用 Carrierwave Gem 上传器时出现 Nokogiri 不兼容的库错误 - Rails
【发布时间】：2017-10-28 00:17:12
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试使用 Carrierwave gem 将图片添加到我的网站。一旦我使用 gem 上传器，我就会收到以下错误，告诉我我有一个不兼容的库版本引用 Nokogiri 1.8.1 ...

/Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/nokogiri-1.8.1/lib/nokogiri.rb:32:in `require': incompatible library version - /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/nokogiri-1.8.1/lib/nokogiri/nokogiri.bundle (fatal)
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/nokogiri-1.8.1/lib/nokogiri.rb:32:in `rescue in <top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/nokogiri-1.8.1/lib/nokogiri.rb:28:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/loofah-2.1.1/lib/loofah.rb:3:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/loofah-2.1.1/lib/loofah.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rails-html-sanitizer-1.0.3/lib/rails-html-sanitizer.rb:2:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/rails-html-sanitizer-1.0.3/lib/rails-html-sanitizer.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/sanitize_helper.rb:2:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/sanitize_helper.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb:32:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb:32:in `<module:TextHelper>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb:29:in `<module:Helpers>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb:6:in `<module:ActionView>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb:18:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb:18:in `<module:FormTagHelper>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb:14:in `<module:Helpers>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb:8:in `<module:ActionView>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb:6:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb:4:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers.rb:50:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers.rb:50:in `<module:Helpers>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers.rb:4:in `<module:ActionView>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/actionview-5.0.6/lib/action_view/helpers.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/sprockets-rails-3.2.1/lib/sprockets/rails/context.rb:1:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/sprockets-rails-3.2.1/lib/sprockets/rails/context.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/sprockets-rails-3.2.1/lib/sprockets/railtie.rb:7:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/sprockets-rails-3.2.1/lib/sprockets/railtie.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-5.0.6/lib/rails/all.rb:14:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-5.0.6/lib/rails/all.rb:14:in `block in <top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-5.0.6/lib/rails/all.rb:12:in `each'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-5.0.6/lib/rails/all.rb:12:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/code/one_stop_ror/yelpdemo/config/application.rb:3:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/code/one_stop_ror/yelpdemo/config/application.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/application.rb:92:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/application.rb:92:in `preload'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/application.rb:153:in `serve'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/application.rb:141:in `block in run'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/application.rb:135:in `loop'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/application.rb:135:in `run'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/application/boot.rb:19:in `<top (required)>'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
  from /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'

我在网上看到的大多数解决方案都包含对 libxml2 的引用，但我的错误中没有看到对此的引用。但是，我尝试了here 的解决方案，但没有成功。

我已经使用 brew 多次卸载并重新安装了 nokogiri 和 libxml。我还在他们的页面here 上使用了 Mac 上的 Nokogiri 安装。

我不能 100% 确定这是否只是 Nokogiri 错误，或者 libxml2 是否需要与默认版本不同的版本。我用于 libxml2 的当前版本是 2.9.3。任何帮助或指向正确方向将不胜感激。如果需要更多详细信息，请告诉我。

【问题讨论】：

标签： ruby-on-rails nokogiri carrierwave libxml2 ruby-on-rails-5

【解决方案1】：

如果您还没有安装开发文件，请尝试安装：

sudo apt-get install g++ build-essential -y

编辑：糟糕，对于 mac，试试这个：https://github.com/kennethreitz/osx-gcc-installer

编辑：另一个想法，从 Gemfile 中删除 Nokogiri 版本，然后尝试

gem install nokogiri -v 1.6.8.1 -- --use-system-libraries=true --with-xml2-include=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.12.sdk/usr/include/libxml2

【讨论】：

我能够使用 brew 安装 GCC 编译器（大约花了一个小时），但仍然出现同样的错误。
我添加了一个替代解决方案，你可以试试吗？这个假设你已经安装了 Xcode 的 Mac OS X Sierra...
嘿，我尝试按照您提到的卸载并添加了确切的代码行，但仅在参考使用 Nokogiri 1.6.8.1 /Users/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/lib/nokogiri.rb:32:in require'：不兼容的库版本 - /用户/danieluribe/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/nokogiri-1.6.8.1/lib/nokogiri/nokogiri.bundle（致命）`。我现在也遇到了带有完全相同错误的 Rails 服务器问题，所以它不喜欢这个新版本。
只是一个更新，我回去重新安装 Nokogiri 1.8.1 并运行捆绑更新。它将 Carrierwave 更新为 1.2.1，我在 Gemfile 中指定了该版本。瞧，上传者开始工作了。不过，Carrierwave 的文档仍然提到使用 1.0 版。