3D散点图动画

Question

我正在尝试创建一个 3D 动画散点图，其中每个点都绘制为一个半径为 r 与值 M 成比例的球体（请参阅下面的代码），我想应该通过使用参数 s 来完成ax.scatter，但由于这个值对于每个 (x,y,z) 都是唯一的，我不知道如何将它传递给接受 (x,y,z) 元组的graph._offsets3d。这是任务的第一部分，另一部分是数据应该在他们特定的时间出现t（请看下面的代码）。

1. 我目前正在努力根据M中的对应值更改每个点的大小，并用对应的时间t对点进行颜色编码，你知道我该怎么做吗？

2. 我的下一个任务是向图形添加播放/暂停按钮并能够旋转图形吗？

有没有人有类似的经历可以让我受益？ 非常感谢！

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.animation as animation

#####Data Generation####

# Space Coordinate
X = np.random.random((100,)) * 255 * 2 - 255
Y = np.random.random((100,)) * 255 * 2 - 255
Z = np.random.random((100,)) * 255 * 2 - 255


# Magnitude of each point
M = np.random.random((100,))*-1+0.5

# Time
t = np.sort(np.random.random((100,))*10)

#ID each point should be color coded. Moreover, each point belongs to a cluster `ID`
ID = np.sort(np.round([np.random.random((100,))*5]))

def update_lines(num):
    for i in range (df_IS["EASTING [m]"].size):
        dx = X[i]
        dy = Y[i]
        dz = Z[i] 
        text.set_text("{:d}: [{:.0f}] Mw[{:.2f}]".format(ID[i], t[i],ID[i]))  # for debugging
        x.append(dx) 
        y.append(dy) 
        z.append(dz) 
        graph._offsets3d = (x, y, z) 
        return graph,




fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5, 5))
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection="3d")
graph = ax.scatter(X, Y, Z, color='orange')  # s argument here 
text = fig.text(0, 1, "TEXT", va='top')  # for debugging

ax.set_xlim3d(X.min(), X.max())
ax.set_ylim3d(Y.min(), Y.max())
ax.set_zlim3d(Z.min(),Z.max())

# Creating the Animation object
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, update_lines, frames=200, interval=500, blit=False)
plt.show()

Answer 1

在动画函数中被数据帧的大小循环了，但是重写了你的代码，部分原因是动画参数与帧数相关联。如果我错了，请纠正我。您也可以使用graph.set_sizes() 传递大小，您可以在此处指定。你的 size 变量有一个负值，所以我将它重新创建为一个整数。由于我的工作环境，我使用了一个单独的库。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.animation as animation
from IPython.display import HTML # Animation on jupyter lab 
from matplotlib.animation import PillowWriter # For GIF animation 
#####Data Generation####

# Space Coordinate
X = np.random.random((100,)) * 255 * 2 - 255
Y = np.random.random((100,)) * 255 * 2 - 255
Z = np.random.random((100,)) * 255 * 2 - 255

# Magnitude of each point
# M = np.random.random((100,))*-1+0.5
M = np.random.randint(1,70, size=100)
# Time
t = np.sort(np.random.random((100,))*10)

#ID each point should be color coded. Moreover, each point belongs to a cluster `ID`
ID = np.sort(np.round([np.random.random((100,))*5]))

x = []
y = []
z = []
m = []

def update_lines(i):
#     for i in range (df_IS["EASTING [m]"].size):
    dx = X[i]
    dy = Y[i]
    dz = Z[i]
    dm = M[i]
#     text.set_text("{:d}: [{:.0f}] Mw[{:.2f}]".format(ID[i], t[i],ID[i]))  # for debugging
    x.append(dx) 
    y.append(dy) 
    z.append(dz)
    m.append(dm)
    graph._offsets3d = (x, y, z)
    graph.set_sizes(m)
    return graph,

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5, 5))
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection="3d")
graph = ax.scatter(X, Y, Z, s=M, color='orange')  # s argument here 
text = fig.text(0, 1, "TEXT", va='top')  # for debugging

ax.set_xlim3d(X.min(), X.max())
ax.set_ylim3d(Y.min(), Y.max())
ax.set_zlim3d(Z.min(), Z.max())

# Creating the Animation object
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, update_lines, frames=100, interval=500, blit=False, repeat=False)
# plt.show()
ani.save('test3Dscatter.gif', writer='pillow')
plt.close()
HTML(ani.to_html5_video())

编辑：

# Time
t = np.sort(np.random.random((100,))*10)

# datapoint for color
cm_name = 'jet'
cm = plt.get_cmap(cm_name, 100)
C = [cm(n) for n in range(cm.N)]

# list for colors add
x = []
y = []
z = []
m = []
c = []

# animation function update

dm = M[i]
dc = C[i] # update

m.append(dm)
c.append(dc) # update

graph._facecolor3d = c # scatter color defined
return graph,