从 C# 调用 Delphi 函数

Question

我有一个下面的 DLL 源代码。

library Project1;

uses
  System.SysUtils,
  System.Classes;

type

  IStringFunctions = interface
    ['{240B567B-E619-48E4-8CDA-F6A722F44A71}']
    function GetMethodValueAsString():PAnsiChar; stdcall;
  end;

  TStringFunctions = class(TInterfacedObject, IStringFunctions)
  public
    function GetMethodValueAsString():PAnsiChar; stdcall;
  end;

{$R *.res}

function  TStringFunctions.GetMethodValueAsString():PAnsiChar; stdcall;
begin
  Result := 'test';
end;


procedure GetImplementation(out instance:IStringFunctions); stdcall; export;
begin
  instance := TStringFunctions.Create;
end;

exports GetImplementation;

begin
end.

我想在 C# 中这样使用

using System;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    [ComVisible(true)]
    [ComImport, InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown), Guid("240B567B-E619-48E4-8CDA-F6A722F44A71")]
    public interface IStringFunctions
    {
        [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.PreserveSig)]
        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.AnsiBStr)]
        string GetMethodValueAsString();
    }

    class Program
    {
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "LoadLibrary", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
        static extern int LoadLibrary([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpLibFileName);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetProcAddress", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
        static extern IntPtr GetProcAddress(int hModule, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string lpProcName);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "FreeLibrary", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
        static extern bool FreeLibrary(int hModule);

        [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.StdCall, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
        delegate void GetImplementation([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out IStringFunctions instance);

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            const string dllName = "Project1.dll";
            const string functionName = "GetImplementation";

            int libHandle = LoadLibrary(dllName);
            if (libHandle == 0) throw new Exception(string.Format("Could not load library \"{0}\"", dllName));

            var delphiFunctionAddress = GetProcAddress(libHandle, functionName);
            if (delphiFunctionAddress == IntPtr.Zero) throw new Exception(string.Format("Can't find function \"{0}\" in library \"{1}\"", functionName, dllName));

            GetImplementation getImplementation = (GetImplementation)Marshal.GetDelegateForFunctionPointer(delphiFunctionAddress, typeof(GetImplementation));

            if (getImplementation != null)
            {
                IStringFunctions instance = null;
                getImplementation(out instance);

                if (instance != null)
                {
                    //!!! don't return value !!!!
                    String result = instance.GetMethodValueAsString();
                    Console.WriteLine(result);
                }
            }
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

但是 instance.GetMethodValueAsString 方法不起作用。并退出代码。

我想在 c# 中使用 dll 函数（GetMethodValueAsString）的返回值。

我不明白。

我的错在哪里？

非常感谢

Answer 1

[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.AnsiBStr)]

这是错误的。您没有返回在 COM 堆上分配的 ANSI 编码字符串。您正在返回一个纯 C 字符串，一个指向以空字符结尾的 ANSI 字符数组的指针。

你的接口声明应该是：

[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.PreserveSig)]
IntPtr GetMethodValueAsString();

调用方法必须是这样的：

IntPtr ptr = instance.GetMethodValueAsString();
string result = Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(ptr);

当然，当您需要返回动态分配的字符串时，您的界面设计变得相当不切实际。您还需要导出释放器。处理这个问题的干净方法是使用BSTR。像这样：

德尔福

IStringFunctions = interface
  ['{240B567B-E619-48E4-8CDA-F6A722F44A71}']
  procedure GetMethodValueAsString(out value: WideString); stdcall;
end;

C#

[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.PreserveSig)]
void GetMethodValueAsString([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] out string result);

Answer 2

对于 COM 互操作的 C# 代码，该 Delphi DLL 是否可见？如果没有，最简单的方法是使用“添加现有项”菜单选项将 dll 附加到 C# 类库项目。然后在此 dll 的属性窗口中将“BuildAction”设置为“无”，将“复制到输出目录”设置为“始终复制”

然后你可以在 C# 代码中做这样的事情。

[DllImport("Project1.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
public static extern string GetMethodValueAsString();

然后你可以在任何需要调用该函数的地方进行

var outputMessage = GetMethodValueAsString();
Console.WriteLine(outputMessage);