使用 RTTI 访问记录的所有元素

Question

我想将复杂/长记录转储到备忘录中以进行调试

 TmyRecord =
     aValue : String 
     aNumber : Real;
     Morenumbers   :  Integer ;
     ....
     ....
  end;

我认为 Delphi XE 2 RTTI 应该让我有机会获得 Fieldname 、 Fieldtype 和 value 在循环中，将此记录写入备忘录或.....

Answer 1

作为起点 - 使用简单类型记录。对于复杂字段（数组、类等），请探索 RTTI 单元

type
  TmyRecord = record
    aValue: String;
    aNumber: Real;
    Morenumbers: Integer;
  end;
var
  m: TMyRecord;
  rtype: TRTTIType;
  fields: TArray<TRttiField>;
  i: Integer;
begin
  m.aValue := 'OK';
  m.aNumber := Pi;
  m.Morenumbers := 666;
  rtype := TRTTIContext.Create.GetType(TypeInfo(TMyrecord));
  Memo1.Lines.Add(rtype.ToString);
  fields := rtype.GetFields;
  for i := 0 to High(fields) do
    Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('%s: %s :: %s', [
      fields[i].Name,
      fields[i].FieldType.ToString,
      fields[i].GetValue(@m).ToString]));

输出：

TmyRecord
aValue: string :: OK
aNumber: Real :: 3.14159265358979
Morenumbers: Integer :: 666

Answer 2

这是我的尝试。我和你有类似的任务（参考this thread）。它正在进行中，但到目前为止工作做得足够好。这将枚举TObject thou 中的所有属性，因此您必须对其进行调整以枚举记录：

function EnumerateProperties(const AObject: TObject): String;
var
  rt: TRttiType;
  prop: TRttiProperty;
  value, value2: TValue;
  valstr: String;
  propstr: String;
  fullstr: String;
  bres: Boolean;
  meth: TRttiMethod;
  bytes: TBytes;
  bytes_arr: TArray<TBytes>;
  uints: TArray<UINT32>;
  C1: Integer;
begin
  if not Assigned(AObject) then
    Exit('');

  rt := TRttiContext.Create.GetType(AObject.ClassType);

  fullstr := '';
  // iterate through public properties
  for prop in rt.GetDeclaredProperties do
  begin
    value := prop.GetValue(AObject); // get property value
    valstr := '?';

    // check property type
    case prop.PropertyType.TypeKind of
      tkInteger,
      tkInt64,
      tkFloat: valstr := value.AsVariant;

      tkString,
      tkChar,
      tkWChar,
      tkLString,
      tkWString,
      tkUString: valstr := QuotedStr(value.AsString);

      tkEnumeration: begin
        valstr := 'ENUM';
        if value.TryAsType<Boolean>(bres) then
          valstr := BoolToStr(bres, TRUE)
        else
        begin
          valstr := GetEnumName(value.TypeInfo, prop.GetValue(AObject).AsOrdinal);
        end;
      end;

      tkClass: begin
        // check if property is TList or any of its descendants,
        // then iterate through each of it's members
        meth := prop.PropertyType.GetMethod('ToArray');
        if Assigned(meth) then
        begin
          value2 := meth.Invoke(value, []);
          Assert(value2.IsArray);
          for C1 := 0 to value2.GetArrayLength - 1 do
            valstr := valstr + Format('(%s), ', [EnumerateProperties(value2.GetArrayElement(C1).AsObject)]);
          if valstr <> '' then
            Delete(valstr, Length(valstr) - 1, 2);
          valstr := Format('[%s]', [valstr]);
        end
        else // otherwise, process it as normal class
          valstr := Format('[%s]', [EnumerateProperties(value.AsObject)]);
      end;

      // dynamic arrays
      tkDynArray: begin
        if value.TryAsType<TBytes>(bytes) then // TBytes
          valstr := BytesToHex(bytes)
        else
          if value.TryAsType<TArray<TBytes>>(bytes_arr) then // TArray<TBytes>
          begin
            valstr := '';
            for C1 := Low(bytes_arr) to High(bytes_arr) do
              valstr := valstr + QuotedStr(BytesToHex(bytes_arr[C1])) + ', ';
            if valstr <> '' then
              Delete(valstr, Length(valstr) - 1, 2);
            valstr := Format('(%s)', [valstr]);
          end
          else
            if value.TryAsType<TArray<UINT32>>(uints) then // TArray<UINT32>
            begin
              valstr := '';
              for C1 := Low(uints) to High(uints) do
                valstr := valstr + IntToStr(uints[C1]) + ', ';
              if valstr <> '' then
                Delete(valstr, Length(valstr) - 1, 2);
              valstr := Format('(%s)', [valstr]);
            end;
      end;

      tkUnknown: ;
      tkSet: ;
      tkMethod: ;
      tkVariant: ;
      tkArray: ;
      tkRecord: ;
      tkInterface: ;
      tkClassRef: ;
      tkPointer: ;
      tkProcedure: ;
    end;

    propstr := Format('%s: %s', [prop.Name, valstr]);
    fullstr := fullstr + propstr + '; ';
  end;

  if fullstr <> '' then
    Delete(fullstr, Length(fullstr) - 1, 2);

  result := fullstr;
end;