多阶段 $ref 不适用于 jsonschema 版本 3.0.1

Question

似乎 jsonschema 3.0.1 版不接受使用 $refs 的多阶段架构（虽然它适用于 jsonschema 2.6.0 版）。

我必须让它在多个模块版本下工作，因为我的代码将在不同环境的不同计算机上运行。

我在 https://www.jsonschemavalidator.net/ 上验证了我的 json（感谢您在另一个 StackOverflow 问题中找到此链接）。

我试过了：

  jsonschema -i myjson.json noRefs.schema.json      --> 2.6.0 = OK, 3.0.1 OK
  jsonschema -i myjson.json usingRefs.schema.json   --> 2.6.0 = OK, 3.0.1 KO

注意： *.schema.json 都在 https://www.jsonschemavalidator.net/

上工作

文件 myjson.json ：

{
  "TopProperty" : {
    "LowerProperty" : {"toto" : "plop"}
  }
}

文件 noRefs.schema.json ：

{
  "type": "object",

  "properties": {
    "TopProperty": {"$ref": "#/schemaTopProperty"}
  },

  "schemaTopProperty": {
    "$id": "schemaTopProperty",
    "type": "object",

    "properties": {
      "LowerProperty": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "toto": {"type": "string"}
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

文件使用Refs.schema.json：

{
  "type": "object",

  "properties": {
    "TopProperty": {"$ref": "#/schemaTopProperty"}
  },

  "schemaTopProperty": {
    "$id": "schemaTopProperty",
    "type": "object",

    "properties": {
      "LowerProperty": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "toto": {"$ref": "#/justAString"}
        }
      }
    }
  },

  "justAString": {
    "$id": "justAString",
    "type": "string"
  }

}

收到错误信息：

Traceback (most recent call last):                                                                                                         
  File "/usr/bin/jsonschema", line 11, in <module>                                                                                         
    sys.exit(main())                                                                                                                       
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/cli.py", line 67, in main                                                              
    sys.exit(run(arguments=parse_args(args=args)))                                                                                         
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/cli.py", line 78, in run                                                               
    for error in validator.iter_errors(instance):                                                                                          
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 323, in iter_errors                                               
    for error in errors:                                                                                                                   
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/_validators.py", line 274, in properties                                               
    schema_path=property,                                                                                                                  
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 339, in descend                                                   
    for error in self.iter_errors(instance, schema):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 323, in iter_errors
    for error in errors:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/_validators.py", line 251, in ref
    for error in validator.descend(instance, resolved):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 339, in descend
    for error in self.iter_errors(instance, schema):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 323, in iter_errors
    for error in errors:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/_validators.py", line 274, in properties
    schema_path=property,
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 339, in descend
    for error in self.iter_errors(instance, schema):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 323, in iter_errors
    for error in errors:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/_validators.py", line 73, in items
    for error in validator.descend(item, items, path=index):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 339, in descend
    for error in self.iter_errors(instance, schema):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 323, in iter_errors
    for error in errors:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/_validators.py", line 274, in properties
    schema_path=property,
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 339, in descend
    for error in self.iter_errors(instance, schema):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 323, in iter_errors
    for error in errors:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/_validators.py", line 247, in ref
    scope, resolved = validator.resolver.resolve(ref)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 734, in resolve
    return url, self._remote_cache(url)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/functools32/functools32.py", line 400, in wrapper
    result = user_function(*args, **kwds)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonschema/validators.py", line 744, in resolve_from_url
    raise exceptions.RefResolutionError(exc)
jsonschema.exceptions.RefResolutionError: unknown url type: schemaTopProperty

Answer 1

编辑：我之前的回答不正确。

TL;DR：你有两个选择：

1. 从定义中删除 $id 属性
2. 在$id 属性中使用#/（例如：{"$id": "#/justAString"}）

---

详情：

问题在于 ID，直到 draft-04、$ref 和 $id 都按面值处理，没什么特别的，但从 draft-06 开始，这些是 uri-references，在这种情况下，当下降到{"$id": "schemaTopProperty"}，解析{"$ref": "justAString"}不再是在根结构处寻找片段justAString，而是在schemaTopProperty主机下寻找/justAString，这是一个远程引用。

因此，我的解决方案是删除导致定义成为 URL（实际上是主机）的 $ids，或者将 $ids 定义为当前架构中的片段。