JQ：更改一些值并显示所有数据？答案

【问题标题】：JQ : Change some values and display all the datas?JQ：更改一些值并显示所有数据？
【发布时间】：2021-01-14 14:17:19
【问题描述】：

我有这些数据：

{
   "cidr" : "X.X.X.X/27",
   "defaultGateway" : "X.X.X.X",
   "full" : false,
   "id" : "X.X.X.X",
   "ipAddressTab" : [
      {
         "alias_domain" : null,
         "alias_name" : null,
         "description" : "This is the network address for X.X.X.X/27",
         "dnr_rr" : null,
         "dns_domain" : null,
         "environnement" : null,
         "fdqn" : null,
         "hostname" : null,
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "requester" : null,
         "status" : "reserved",
         "type" : "network"
      },
      {
         "alias_domain" : null,
         "alias_name" : null,
         "description" : "This is the default gateway address for X.X.X.X/27",
         "dnr_rr" : null,
         "dns_domain" : null,
         "environnement" : null,
         "fdqn" : null,
         "hostname" : null,
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "requester" : null,
         "status" : "reserved",
         "type" : "gateway"
      },
      {
         "alias_domain" : "toto.com",
         "alias_name" : "",
         "description" : "this is a test",
         "dns_domain" : "",
         "environnement" : "test",
         "fdqn" : "XXX",
         "hostname" : "XXX",
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "requester" : "XXX",
         "status" : "allocated",
         "type" : "VM"
      },
      {
         "alias_domain" : "toto.com",
         "alias_name" : "",
         "description" : "this is a test",
         "dns_domain" : "",
         "environnement" : "test",
         "fdqn" : "XXX",
         "hostname" : "XXX",
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "requester" : "XXX",
         "status" : "allocated",
         "type" : "VM"
      },
      {
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "status" : "reserved"
      },
      {
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "status" : "reserved"
      },
      {
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "status" : "reserved"
      },
      {
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "status" : "reserved"
      },
      {
         "alias_domain" : null,
         "alias_name" : null,
         "description" : "This is the broadcast address for X.X.X.X/27",
         "dnr_rr" : null,
         "dns_domain" : null,
         "environnement" : null,
         "fdqn" : null,
         "hostname" : null,
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "requester" : null,
         "status" : "reserved",
         "type" : "broadcast"
      }
   ]
}

我想将所有状态“保留”更改为“可用”，而不更改具有网络、网关或广播状态的 ip 的状态。因此，使用 jq 我可以选择所有我需要的内容，而无需选择具有网络、网关或广播的 IP 作为状态并将状态更改为可用：

cat myfile |  jq '.ipAddressTab[] | select(.status == "reserved") | select(.type != "network") | select(.type != "gateway") | select(.type != "broadcast") | .status = "available"'

输出：

{
  "ip": "X.X.X.X",
  "status": "available"
}
{
  "ip": "X.X.X.X",
  "status": "available"
}
{
  "ip": "X.X.X.X",
  "status": "available"
}
{
  "ip": "X.X.X.X",
  "status": "available"
}

但是有一种方法可以做到这一点，以便获得此输出：

{
   "cidr" : "X.X.X.X/27",
   "defaultGateway" : "X.X.X.X",
   "full" : false,
   "id" : "X.X.X.X",
   "ipAddressTab" : [
      {
         "alias_domain" : null,
         "alias_name" : null,
         "description" : "This is the network address for X.X.X.X/27",
         "dnr_rr" : null,
         "dns_domain" : null,
         "environnement" : null,
         "fdqn" : null,
         "hostname" : null,
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "requester" : null,
         "status" : "reserved",
         "type" : "network"
      },
      {
         "alias_domain" : null,
         "alias_name" : null,
         "description" : "This is the default gateway address for X.X.X.X/27",
         "dnr_rr" : null,
         "dns_domain" : null,
         "environnement" : null,
         "fdqn" : null,
         "hostname" : null,
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "requester" : null,
         "status" : "reserved",
         "type" : "gateway"
      },
      {
         "alias_domain" : "toto.com",
         "alias_name" : "",
         "description" : "this is a test",
         "dns_domain" : "",
         "environnement" : "test",
         "fdqn" : "XXX",
         "hostname" : "XXX",
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "requester" : "XXX",
         "status" : "allocated",
         "type" : "VM"
      },
      {
         "alias_domain" : "toto.com",
         "alias_name" : "",
         "description" : "this is a test",
         "dns_domain" : "",
         "environnement" : "test",
         "fdqn" : "XXX",
         "hostname" : "XXX",
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "requester" : "XXX",
         "status" : "allocated",
         "type" : "VM"
      },
      {
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "status" : "available"
      },
      {
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "status" : "available"
      },
      {
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "status" : "available"
      },
      {
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "status" : "available"
      },
      {
         "alias_domain" : null,
         "alias_name" : null,
         "description" : "This is the broadcast address for X.X.X.X/27",
         "dnr_rr" : null,
         "dns_domain" : null,
         "environnement" : null,
         "fdqn" : null,
         "hostname" : null,
         "ip" : "X.X.X.X",
         "requester" : null,
         "status" : "reserved",
         "type" : "broadcast"
      }
   ]
}

显示所有需要更改的数据，而不仅仅是显示应该更改的行？

【问题讨论】：

标签： json linux parsing jq cat

【解决方案1】：

对于这类问题，|= 是你的朋友。

您可以选择直接的方法，例如：

.ipAddressTab
 |= map(if .status == "reserved" 
           and .type != "network"
           and .type != "gateway"
           and .type != "broadcast"
        then .status = "available" else . end)

或更微妙的：

(.ipAddressTab[]
 | select(.status == "reserved" and 
          .type != "network" and
          .type != "gateway" and
          .type != "broadcast")
).status = "available"

顺便说一句，任何一种方法的 DRYer 版本都可以通过使用 IN 获得：

.type | IN("network", "gateway", "broadcast") | not

【讨论】：

您好，非常感谢！我发现或多或少相同的东西.ipAddressTab[] | if .type != "network" and .type != "gateway" and .type != "broadcast" then .status = "available" else . end谢谢！