确认后将附有 PDF 的邮件发送给收件人

Question

我必须每天编辑一个 Google 电子表格文件。当我完成后，我想向人们发送一条消息，通知他们我已经完成了。作为该通知邮件的附件，我想以 PDF 格式向他们发送一张特定的表格（称为报告）。

我发现这个发送电子邮件的选项（并且工作正常）：

function sendEmails() {
var sheet = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSheet();
var startRow = 2;  // First row of data to process
var numRows = 2;   // Number of rows to process
// Fetch the range of cells A2:B3
var dataRange = sheet.getRange(startRow, 1, numRows, 2)
// Fetch values for each row in the Range.
var data = dataRange.getValues();
for (i in data) {
var row = data[i];
var emailAddress = row[0];  // First column
var message = row[1];       // Second column
var subject = "Sending emails from a Spreadsheet";
MailApp.sendEmail(emailAddress, subject, message);
}
}

有没有办法将特定工作表添加为 PDF？

第二个问题：如何在电子表格中创建某种按钮（“立即发送”），让我轻松发送这封电子邮件，而不必每次都打开脚本编辑器？

Answer 1

菜单驱动的按需操作

在 Google 表格用户界面中，菜单项是一种将其设置为按需运行的自然方式。¹ Google 的 @ 是学习如何自己执行此操作的好资源987654321@。

在该教程中，以下代码可将“发送报告”菜单项添加到您的电子表格，选中时将调用 sendReport_() 函数：

/**
 * A special function that runs when the spreadsheet is open, used to add a
 * custom menu to the spreadsheet.
 */
function onOpen() {
  var spreadsheet = SpreadsheetApp.getActive();
  var menuItems = [
    {name: 'Send Report', functionName: 'sendReport_'}
  ];
  spreadsheet.addMenu('Custom', menuItems);
}

sendReport_()函数

假设我们有一个getPdfBlob() 函数，它将返回一个适合附加到电子邮件的blob。有了这些，sendReport_() 需要做的事情就在这里：

// From https://stackoverflow.com/a/37149036/1677912
function sendReport_() {

  // Configuration parameters; customize as you wish
  var sheetName = "Report";
  var subject = "Email subject line";
  var recipients = "user1@example.com, user2@example.com";
  var htmlMessage = "Greetings,<br/><br/>"
                  + "Please find today's report attached as a PDF.<br/><br/>"
                  + "Cheers,<br/><br/>Paranoia";

  // Get the IDs of the spreadsheet & sheet-of-interest
  var ss = SpreadsheetApp.getActive();
  var sheetId = ss.getSheetByName(sheetName).getSheetId();

  // Retrieve the PDF blob
  var pdfBlobArray = getPdfBlobs(ss.getId(),sheetId);

  // Send the email + attachment
  MailApp.sendEmail(recipients,subject,"Report attached.", {
    htmlBody: htmlMessage,
    attachments: pdfBlobArray
  });
}

getPdfBlobs()实用函数

生成电子表格 PDF 的实用程序出现在 Convert all sheets to PDF with Google Apps Script 中。 这可以调整为返回一个 blob，其中包含您所追求的单张纸的 PDF。

您必须通过“资源 > 高级驱动器服务...”和开发者控制台启用 Advanced Drive Service。 （有关更多信息，请参阅this。）

注意：编辑嵌入在此函数中的 URL 参数支持对 PDF 输出的一些奇怪的自定义。

/**
 * Get one or all sheets in a spreadsheet as PDF file blobs.
 *
 * From: https://stackoverflow.com/a/37149036/1677912
 * Adapted from https://stackoverflow.com/a/30492812/1677912
 *
 * @param {String}  optSSId       (optional) ID of spreadsheet to export.
 *                                If not provided, script assumes it is
 *                                sheet-bound and opens the active spreadsheet.
 * @param {String}  optSheetId    (optional) ID of single sheet to export.
 *                                If not provided, all sheets will export.
 */
function getPdfBlobs( optSSId, optSheetId ) {

  // If a sheet ID was provided, open that sheet, otherwise assume script is
  // sheet-bound, and open the active spreadsheet.
  var ss = (optSSId) ? SpreadsheetApp.openById(optSSId) : SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet();

  // Get URL of spreadsheet, and remove the trailing 'edit'
  var url = ss.getUrl().replace(/edit$/,'');

  // Get array of all sheets in spreadsheet
  var sheets = ss.getSheets();

  // Loop through all sheets, generating PDF blobs.
  var blobArray = [];
  for (var i=0; i<sheets.length; i++) {
    var sheet = sheets[i];

    // If provided a optSheetId, only save it.
    if (optSheetId && optSheetId !== sheet.getSheetId()) continue; 

    //additional parameters for exporting the sheet as a pdf
    var url_ext = 'export?exportFormat=pdf&format=pdf'   //export as pdf
        + '&gid=' + sheet.getSheetId()   //the sheet's Id
        // following parameters are optional...
        + '&size=letter'      // paper size
        + '&portrait=true'    // orientation, false for landscape
        + '&fitw=true'        // fit to width, false for actual size
        + '&sheetnames=false&printtitle=false&pagenumbers=false'  //hide optional headers and footers
        + '&gridlines=false'  // hide gridlines
        + '&fzr=false';       // do not repeat row headers (frozen rows) on each page

    var options = {
      headers: {
        'Authorization': 'Bearer ' +  ScriptApp.getOAuthToken()
      }
    }

    var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(url + url_ext, options);

    var blob = response.getBlob().setName(ss.getName() + ' - ' + sheet.getName() + '.pdf');

    // Add blob to our array
    blobArray.push(blob);
  }

  // Return array of PDF blobs
  return blobArray;
}

/**
 * Dummy function for API authorization only.
 * From: https://stackoverflow.com/a/37172203/1677912
 */
function forAuth_() {
  DriveApp.getFileById("Just for authorization"); // https://code.google.com/p/google-apps-script-issues/issues/detail?id=3579#c36
}

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¹这可以进一步扩展为一个插件，这样脚本就不需要附加到特定的电子表格中。