Scrapy爬虫不下载文件？

Question

所以我被做成了一个爬取这个网站的爬虫（https://minerals.usgs.gov/science/mineral-deposit-database/#products，跟随该网页上的每个链接，它会从该链接中抓取标题，并且它也应该下载文件。但是这不会发生并且日志中没有错误提示！

日志样本

2018-11-19 18:20:12 [scrapy.core.scraper] DEBUG: Scraped from <200 
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5a1492c3e4b09fc93dcfd574>
{'date': [datetime.datetime(2018, 11, 19, 18, 20, 12, 209865)],
'file': 
['https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a1492c3e4b09fc93dcfd574? 
f=__disk__d7%2F26%2Fdb%2Fd726dbd9030e7554a4ef13cb56f53983f407eb7d',

'https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a1492c3e4b09fc93dcfd574? 
f=__disk__d7%2F26%2Fdb%2Fd726dbd9030e7554a
4ef13cb56f53983f407eb7d&transform=1',
'https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a1492c3e4b09fc93dcfd574? 
f=__disk__72%2F6b%2F7d%2F726b7dd547ce9805a97e2464dc1f4646b2a16cfb',

'https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a1492c3e4b09fc93dcfd574? 
f=__disk__d4%2F87%2F6b%2Fd4876b385bc9ac2af3c9221aee4ff7a5a88f201a',

'https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a1492c3e4b09fc93dcfd574? 
f=__disk__12%2Fd9%2F4f%2F12d94f844998c4a4eaf1cedd80b70f36ed960a2c',

'https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a1492c3e4b09fc93dcfd574? 
f=__disk__12%2Fd9%2F4f%2F12d94f844998c4a4eaf1cedd80b70f36ed960a2c',

'https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a1492c3e4b09fc93dcfd574? 
f=__disk__e3%2Ff0%2F95%2Fe3f0958d05c1240724b58709196a87492b85d8d4',

'https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a1492c3e4b09fc93dcfd574? 
 f=__disk__e3%2Ff0%2F95%2Fe3f0958d05c1240724b58709196a87492b85d8d4',

'https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a1492c3e4b09fc93dcfd574? 
facet=USGS_TopoMineSymbols_ver2_mapservice.sd',

'https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5a1492c3e4b09fc93dcfd574? 
f=__disk__b0%2F64%2Fd3%2Fb064d3465149780209ef624db57830e40edb9115'],
'name': ['Prospect- and Mine-Related Features from U.S. Geological Survey '
          '7.5- and 15-Minute Topographic Quadrangle Maps of the United '
          'States'],
'project': ['us_deposits'],
'server': ['DESKTOP-9CUE746'],
'spider': ['deposits'],
'url': 
['https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5a1492c3e4b09fc93dcfd574']}

2018-11-19 18:20:12 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
{'downloader/request_bytes': 7312,
 'downloader/request_count': 23,
 'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 23,
 'downloader/response_bytes': 615330,
 'downloader/response_count': 23,
 'downloader/response_status_count/200': 13,
 'downloader/response_status_count/301': 1,
 'downloader/response_status_count/302': 9,
 'finish_reason': 'finished',
 'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2018, 11, 19, 17, 20, 12, 397317),
 'item_scraped_count': 9,
 'log_count/DEBUG': 34,
 'log_count/INFO': 7,
 'offsite/domains': 1,
 'offsite/filtered': 2,
 'request_depth_max': 1,
 'response_received_count': 13,
 'scheduler/dequeued': 19,
 'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 19,
 'scheduler/enqueued': 19,
 'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 19,
 'start_time': datetime.datetime(2018, 11, 19, 17, 20, 7, 541186)}
2018-11-19 18:20:12 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

蜘蛛

import scrapy
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
import datetime
import socket
from us_deposits.items import DepositsusaItem
from scrapy.loader import ItemLoader
from scrapy.loader.processors import MapCompose
from urllib.parse import urlparse
from urllib.parse import urljoin


class DepositsSpider(CrawlSpider):
    name = 'deposits'
    allowed_domains = ['doi.org']
    start_urls = ['https://minerals.usgs.gov/science/mineral-deposit-database/#products', ]

    rules = (
        Rule(LinkExtractor(restrict_xpaths='//*[@id="products"][1]/p/a'),
             callback='parse_x'),
    )

    def parse_x(self, response):
        i = ItemLoader(item=DepositsusaItem(), response=response)
        i.add_xpath('name', '//*[@class="container"][1]/header/h1/text()')
        i.add_xpath('file', '//span[starts-with(@data-url, "/catalog/file/get/")]/@data-url',
                    MapCompose(lambda i: urljoin(response.url, i))
                    )
        i.add_value('url', response.url)
        i.add_value('project', self.settings.get('BOT_NAME'))
        i.add_value('spider', self.name)
        i.add_value('server', socket.gethostname())
        i.add_value('date', datetime.datetime.now())
        return i.load_item()

设置

BOT_NAME = 'us_deposits'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['us_deposits.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'us_deposits.spiders'
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
    'us_deposits.pipelines.UsDepositsPipeline': 1,
}

FILES_STORE = {
    'C:/Users/User/Documents/Python WebCrawling Learning Projects'
}

有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

仔细查看Files Pipeline 文档：

在 Spider 中，您抓取一个项目并将所需的 URL 放入一个 file_urls 字段。

您需要将要下载的文件的 URL 存储在字段名称 file_urls 中，而不是 file。

这个最小的蜘蛛对我有用：

from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule


class MySpider(CrawlSpider):

    name = 'usgs.gov'
    allowed_domains = ['doi.org']
    start_urls = ['https://minerals.usgs.gov/science/mineral-deposit-database/#products']

    custom_settings = {
        'ITEM_PIPELINES': {'scrapy.pipelines.files.FilesPipeline': 1},
        'FILES_STORE': '/my/valid/path/',
    }

    rules = (
        Rule(LinkExtractor(restrict_xpaths='//div[@id="products"]/p/a'), callback='parse_x'),
    )

    def parse_x(self, response):

        yield {
            'file_urls': [response.urljoin(u) for u in response.xpath('//span[starts-with(@data-url, "/catalog/file/get/")]/@data-url').extract()],
        }