在 SQL SERVER 中使用一个查询更新多个表

Question

我正在使用 SQL SERVER 2008 处理 asp.net(c#) 项目。我想使用一个查询更新三个表。请建议我如何做到这一点。谢谢

Answer 1

你不能。更新语句适用于单个表。您必须为三个表编写三个不同的查询。

您可以使用事务来确保您的更新语句是原子的。

BEGIN TRANSACTION

UPDATE Table1
Set Field1 = '1';
Where Field = 'value';

UPDATE Table2
Set Field1= '2'
Where Field = 'value';

UPDATE Table3
Set Field1= '3'
Where Field = 'value';

COMMIT

对于 C#，您可以使用 SqlTransaction。来自同一链接的示例（已修改）

private static void ExecuteSqlTransaction(string connectionString)
{
    using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
    {
        connection.Open();

        SqlCommand command = connection.CreateCommand();
        SqlTransaction transaction;

        // Start a local transaction.
        transaction = connection.BeginTransaction("SampleTransaction");

        // Must assign both transaction object and connection 
        // to Command object for a pending local transaction
        command.Connection = connection;
        command.Transaction = transaction;

        try
        {
            command.CommandText =
                "UPDATE Table1 Set Field1 = '1' Where Field = 'value';";
            command.ExecuteNonQuery();
            command.CommandText =
                "UPDATE Table2 Set Field1= '2' Where Field = 'value'";
            command.ExecuteNonQuery();

            command.CommandText =
                "UPDATE Table3 Set Field1= '3' Where Field = 'value'";
            command.ExecuteNonQuery();

            // Attempt to commit the transaction.
            transaction.Commit();
            Console.WriteLine("Both records are written to database.");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Commit Exception Type: {0}", ex.GetType());
            Console.WriteLine("  Message: {0}", ex.Message);

            // Attempt to roll back the transaction. 
            try
            {
                transaction.Rollback();
            }
            catch (Exception ex2)
            {
                // This catch block will handle any errors that may have occurred 
                // on the server that would cause the rollback to fail, such as 
                // a closed connection.
                Console.WriteLine("Rollback Exception Type: {0}", ex2.GetType());
                Console.WriteLine("  Message: {0}", ex2.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 2

编写三个查询并将它们全部放入一个事务中，或者在一个存储过程中，或者在您的 c# 代码中使用 TransactionScope。

using System.Transactions;

using( var ts = new TransactionScope() ){

  // execute your queries

  ts.Complete();
}

此处为完整示例：http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.transactions.transactionscope.aspx

Answer 3

其中一种方法是创建一个过程并在该过程中更新所有表。如果要插入所有三个或不插入它们，也可以使用事务。这是example

您还可以从 C# 维护事务。这是一个例子 Transaction Stored Procedure C#
示例

using (var connection = new SqlConnection("your connectionstring"))
{
    connection.Open();
    using (var transaction = connection.BeginTransaction())
    {
    try
    {
        using (var command1 = new SqlCommand("SP1Name", connection, transaction))
        {
            command1.ExecuteNonQuery();
        }
        transaction.Commit();
    }
    catch
    {
        transaction.Rollback();
        throw;
    }
  }
}