如何让 pandas.read_json 将此 API 返回识别为有效的 .json？

Question

我正在使用 Mapbox API 从使用坐标的区域获取更多信息。 API 调用返回一个 web .json，我无法在其中让 pandas 使用

将其存储为数据框

pandas.read_json

https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/version/0.25.3/reference/api/pandas.read_json.html

API 请求返回一个 web .json，这里是一个返回 .json 的例子。

{"type":"FeatureCollection","query":[-73.989,40.733],"features":[{"id":"address.5528394502635160","type":"Feature","place_type":["address"],"relevance":1,"properties":{"accuracy":"rooftop"},"text":"East 13th Street","place_name":"120 East 13th Street, New York, New York 10003, United States","center":[-73.98893045,40.73295105],"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-73.98893045,40.73295105]},"address":"120","context":[{"id":"neighborhood.2103290","text":"Greenwich Village"},{"id":"postcode.13482670360296810","text":"10003"},{"id":"locality.12696928000137850","wikidata":"Q11299","text":"Manhattan"},{"id":"place.2618194975964500","wikidata":"Q60","text":"New York"},{"id":"district.12113562209855570","wikidata":"Q500416","text":"New York County"},{"id":"region.17349986251855570","wikidata":"Q1384","short_code":"US-NY","text":"New York"},{"id":"country.19678805456372290","wikidata":"Q30","short_code":"us","text":"United States"}]},{"id":"neighborhood.2103290","type":"Feature","place_type":["neighborhood"],"relevance":1,"properties":{},"text":"Greenwich Village","place_name":"Greenwich Village, New York, New York 10003, United States","bbox":[-74.005282,40.72586,-73.98734,40.73907],"center":[-74.0029,40.7284],"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-74.0029,40.7284]},"context":[{"id":"postcode.13482670360296810","text":"10003"},{"id":"locality.12696928000137850","wikidata":"Q11299","text":"Manhattan"},{"id":"place.2618194975964500","wikidata":"Q60","text":"New York"},{"id":"district.12113562209855570","wikidata":"Q500416","text":"New York County"},{"id":"region.17349986251855570","wikidata":"Q1384","short_code":"US-NY","text":"New York"},{"id":"country.19678805456372290","wikidata":"Q30","short_code":"us","text":"United States"}]},{"id":"postcode.13482670360296810","type":"Feature","place_type":["postcode"],"relevance":1,"properties":{},"text":"10003","place_name":"New York, New York 10003, United States","bbox":[-73.9996058238451,40.7229310019,-73.9798620096375,40.7396749960342],"center":[-73.99,40.73],"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-73.99,40.73]},"context":[{"id":"locality.12696928000137850","wikidata":"Q11299","text":"Manhattan"},{"id":"place.2618194975964500","wikidata":"Q60","text":"New York"},{"id":"district.12113562209855570","wikidata":"Q500416","text":"New York County"},{"id":"region.17349986251855570","wikidata":"Q1384","short_code":"US-NY","text":"New York"},{"id":"country.19678805456372290","wikidata":"Q30","short_code":"us","text":"United States"}]},{"id":"locality.12696928000137850","type":"Feature","place_type":["locality"],"relevance":1,"properties":{"wikidata":"Q11299"},"text":"Manhattan","place_name":"Manhattan, New York, United States","bbox":[-74.047313153061,40.679573,-73.907,40.8820749648427],"center":[-73.9597,40.7903],"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-73.9597,40.7903]},"context":[{"id":"place.2618194975964500","wikidata":"Q60","text":"New York"},{"id":"district.12113562209855570","wikidata":"Q500416","text":"New York County"},{"id":"region.17349986251855570","wikidata":"Q1384","short_code":"US-NY","text":"New York"},{"id":"country.19678805456372290","wikidata":"Q30","short_code":"us","text":"United States"}]},{"id":"place.2618194975964500","type":"Feature","place_type":["place"],"relevance":1,"properties":{"wikidata":"Q60"},"text":"New York","place_name":"New York, New York, United States","bbox":[-74.25909,40.477399,-73.700272,40.917577],"center":[-73.9866,40.7306],"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-73.9866,40.7306]},"context":[{"id":"district.12113562209855570","wikidata":"Q500416","text":"New York County"},{"id":"region.17349986251855570","wikidata":"Q1384","short_code":"US-NY","text":"New York"},{"id":"country.19678805456372290","wikidata":"Q30","short_code":"us","text":"United States"}]},{"id":"district.12113562209855570","type":"Feature","place_type":["district"],"relevance":1,"properties":{"wikidata":"Q500416"},"text":"New York County","place_name":"New York County, New York, United States","bbox":[-74.047227,40.682932,-73.907,40.879278],"center":[-74,40.7167],"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-74,40.7167]},"context":[{"id":"region.17349986251855570","wikidata":"Q1384","short_code":"US-NY","text":"New York"},{"id":"country.19678805456372290","wikidata":"Q30","short_code":"us","text":"United States"}]},{"id":"region.17349986251855570","type":"Feature","place_type":["region"],"relevance":1,"properties":{"wikidata":"Q1384","short_code":"US-NY"},"text":"New York","place_name":"New York, United States","bbox":[-79.8578350999901,40.4771391062446,-71.7564918092633,45.0239286969073],"center":[-75.4652471468304,42.751210955],"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-75.4652471468304,42.751210955]},"context":[{"id":"country.19678805456372290","wikidata":"Q30","short_code":"us","text":"United States"}]},{"id":"country.19678805456372290","type":"Feature","place_type":["country"],"relevance":1,"properties":{"wikidata":"Q30","short_code":"us"},"text":"United States","place_name":"United States","bbox":[-179.9,18.8163608007951,-66.8847646185949,71.4202919997506],"center":[-97.9222112121185,39.3812661305678],"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[-97.9222112121185,39.3812661305678]}}],"attribution":"NOTICE: © 2021 Mapbox and its suppliers. All rights reserved. Use of this data is subject to the Mapbox Terms of Service (https://www.mapbox.com/about/maps/). This response and the information it contains may not be retained. POI(s) provided by Foursquare."}

这是我的代码：

url = "https://api.mapbox.com/geocoding/v5/mapbox.places/-73.989,40.733.json?access_token=MY_KEY_HERE"

df = pd.read_json(url, orient='split')

return df

我尝试过orient = 'split', 'index', 'records', 'columns', and 'values'，但大多数时候它返回：“ValueError: arrays must be all the length”。我需要做什么才能让 pandas.read_json 将此 API 返回识别为有效的 .json？

输出：ValueError：数组的长度必须相同

期望：返回的 .json 被读取并存储到 pandas 数据帧中

Answer 1

Pandas 提供了一个实用函数pd.json_normalize()，将半结构化数据规范化为一个平面表。对于您的 json 响应，这应该有效：

import pandas as pd

data = <your JSON response>

df = pd.json_normalize(data, 'features')

您可以在pandas user guide 的最新版本中找到示例。 出于某种原因，我在最新版本的 pandas API 参考中找不到专门的页面。不过older versions里有提到，这里也可以找到参数列表。