试图用 <a> 替换标签 <em>

Question

import requests
import string
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup, Tag
[...]
def disease_spider(maxpages):
    i = 0
while i <= maxpages:
    url = 'http://www.cdc.gov/DiseasesConditions/az/'+ alpha[i]+'.html'
    source_code = requests.get(url)
    plain_text = source_code.text
    soup = BeautifulSoup(plain_text)
    for l in soup.findAll('a', {'class':'noLinking'}):
        x =l.find("em")
        if x is not None:
            return x.em.replaceWith(Tag('a'))

    i += 1

网站上的一些文本使用标签而不是标签，我想用标签替换它们。 使用此代码我收到此错误：

AttributeError: 'NoneType' 对象没有属性 'replaceWith'

Answer 1

据我了解，您想用它的文本替换 em。

换句话说，a 元素包含：

<a class="noLinking" href="http://www.cdc.gov/hi-disease/index.html">
    including Hib Infection (<em>Haemophilus influenzae</em> Infection)   
</a>

应替换为：

<a class="noLinking" href="http://www.cdc.gov/hi-disease/index.html">
    including Hib Infection (Haemophilus influenzae Infection) 
</a>

在这种情况下，我会直接在a 标签下找到所有em 标签，并且对于找到的每个em 标签，使用replace_with() 将其替换为它的文本：

for em in soup.select('a.noLinking > em'):
    em.replace_with(em.text)

---

附带说明，可能不需要替换，因为a 标记的.text 将为您提供节点的全文，包括它的子节点：

In [1]: from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

In [2]: data = """
   ...:     <a class="noLinking" href="http://www.cdc.gov/hi-disease/index.html">
   ...:         including Hib Infection (<em>Haemophilus influenzae</em> Infection)   
   ...:     </a>
   ...: """

In [3]: soup = BeautifulSoup(data)

In [4]: print soup.a.text

        including Hib Infection (Haemophilus influenzae Infection)