启用 SSL 时 Django 模块（nested-admin 和 nested-inline）的 ImportError答案

【问题标题】：ImportError for Django modules (nested-admin and nested-inline) when SSL is enabled启用 SSL 时 Django 模块（nested-admin 和 nested-inline）的 ImportError
【发布时间】：2015-11-23 10:49:33
【问题描述】：

我在启用 SSL 的生产环境中遇到以下错误。

ssl_error_log：

[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.303520 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116] mod_wsgi (pid=14069): Target WSGI script '/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/django_version/wsgi.py' cannot be loaded as Python module.[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.303584 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116] mod_wsgi (pid=14069): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/django_version/wsgi.py'.
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.303617 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.303641 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116]   File "/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/django_version/wsgi.py", line 18, in <module>
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.303732 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116]     application = get_wsgi_application()[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.303747 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116]   File "/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 14, in get_wsgi_application
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.303805 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116]     django.setup()
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.303816 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116]   File "/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 18, in setup
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.303861 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116]     apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.303870 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116]   File "/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 85, in populate
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.304015 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116]     app_config = AppConfig.create(entry)
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.304031 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116]   File "/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 86, in create[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.304125 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116]     module = import_module(entry)
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.304136 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116]   File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.304199 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116]     __import__(name)
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:16.304225 2015] [:error] [pid 14069] [remote 128.132.66.000:116] ImportError: No module named nested_admin[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.322753 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104] mod_wsgi (pid=14068): Target WSGI script '/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/django_version/wsgi.py' cannot be loaded as Python module.[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.322819 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104] mod_wsgi (pid=14068): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/django_version/wsgi.py'.[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.322851 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.322873 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104]   File "/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/django_version/wsgi.py", line 18, in <module>
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.322955 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104]     application = get_wsgi_application()[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.322970 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104]   File "/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 14, in get_wsgi_application
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.323024 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104]     django.setup()
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.323034 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104]   File "/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 18, in setup
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.323096 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104]     apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.323107 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104]   File "/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 85, in populate
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.323251 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104]     app_config = AppConfig.create(entry)
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.323266 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104]   File "/apps/staging/wisdmepid/django_version/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 86, in create
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.323374 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104]     module = import_module(entry)[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.323393 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104]   File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.323448 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104]     __import__(name)
[Wed Nov 18 11:14:29.323471 2015] [:error] [pid 14068] [remote 128.132.66.000:104] ImportError: No module named nested_admin

我已经安装了模块django-nested-admin。当我使用 django-nested-inline 而不是 django-nested-admin 时，我也会遇到同样的错误。知道有什么问题吗？

在我得到的网站上：

内部服务器错误

服务器遇到内部错误或配置错误，并且无法完成您的请求。

请通过root@localhost联系服务器管理员告知他们发生此错误的时间以及您执行的操作就在这个错误之前。

有关此错误的更多信息可能在服务器错误中可用记录。

该代码在我们的非 SSL 网站中完美运行。
我已经尝试过this 和this 中提到的解决方案。没用。任何指针都会非常有帮助。谢谢。

这是我们的 apache 配置文件。这不是实际的，但原来的配置是符合这个的。

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName bogus.example.com:80
    ErrorLog logs/error_log
    TransferLog logs/access_log
    LogLevel warn

    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteRule ^/?sslsite/(.*) https://%{SERVER_NAME}/sslsite/$1 [R,L]


        alias /static/notsslsite /apps/deployment/notsslsite/django_version/static
    <Directory /apps/deployment/notsslsite/django_version/static>
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    <Directory /apps/deployment/notsslsite/django_version/django_version>
                <Files wsgi.py>
                        Require all granted
                </Files>
        </Directory>

        WSGIDaemonProcess notsslsite processes=2 python-path=/apps/deployment/notsslsite/django_version:/apps/deployment/notsslsite/django_version/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages
        WSGIProcessGroup notsslsite
        WSGIScriptAlias /notsslsite /apps/deployment/notsslsite/django_version/django_version/wsgi.py process-group=notsslsite

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName bogus.example.com:443
    ErrorLog logs/ssl_error_log
    TransferLog logs/ssl_access_log
    LogLevel warn
    SSLEngine on
    SSLProtocol all -SSLv2
    SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT:!SSLv2:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW
    SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/ssl/bogus.example.com.crt
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/ssl/bogus.example.com.key
    SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/httpd/ssl/bogus_chain.pem


    SetEnvIf User-Agent ".*MSIE.*" \
             nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
             downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
    CustomLog logs/ssl_request_log \
              "%t %h %{SSL_PROTOCOL}x %{SSL_CIPHER}x \"%r\" %b"

        alias /static/sslsite /apps/staging/sslsite/django_version/static
    <Directory /apps/staging/sslsite/django_version/static>
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    <Directory /apps/staging/sslsite/django_version/django_version>
                <Files wsgi.py>
                        Require all granted
                </Files>
        </Directory>

        WSGIDaemonProcess sslsite processes=2 python-path=/apps/staging/sslsite/django_version:/apps/staging/sslsite/django_version/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages
        WSGIProcessGroup sslsite
        WSGIScriptAlias /sslsite /apps/staging/sslsite/django_version/django_version/wsgi.py process-group=sslsite

</VirtualHost>

【问题讨论】：

您检查过读取权限吗？请记住，您的进程可能在不同的用户下运行，并且可能使用受限的环境。
如何启用 SSL？您的 django 项目是在某个 HTTP 服务器（nginx、apache）后面还是直接提供服务？（uWSGI，gunicorn）。您的 ssl 和非 ssl 服务器是如何配置的？
@brunodesthuilliers 它具有与正常工作的非 SSL 相同的读取权限。
愚蠢的问题，但你确定它已经安装了吗？（点冻结）
@GwynBleidD 我们有一个 ssl 证书。它在阿帕奇后面。我不明白你的意思是它是如何配置的。但是，我在问题中添加了我们的快速配置。谢谢。

标签： python django ssl django-admin

【解决方案1】：

这是您在非 SSL 配置中的 WSGIDaemonProcess 设置

WSGIDaemonProcess notsslsite processes=2 python-path=/apps/deployment/notsslsite/django_version:/apps/deployment/notsslsite/django_version/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages

这里是来自 ssl 配置

WSGIDaemonProcess sslsite processes=2 python-path=/apps/staging/sslsite/django_version:/apps/staging/sslsite/django_version/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages

您对 ssl 和非 ssl 实例使用不同的 python 路径，并且可能nested_admin 未安装在第二个实例中。这是 django 在您的 apache 设置中唯一重要的区别。尝试在 ssl 站点上设置与非 ssl 相同的环境，并检查它是否可以工作。如果可以，请从 ssl config 在环境中安装适当的软件包。如果它不起作用，可能您的虚拟环境已损坏，请尝试重新创建它。

【讨论】：

感谢您的回答。但问题是代码中的其他问题，我花了 10 天时间才弄清楚。