如何在 mongoose 中使用 async/await

Question

在 node.js 中我有如下代码：

mongoose.connect(dbURI, dbOptions)
.then(() => {
        console.log("ok");
    },
    err => { 
        console.log('error: '+ err)
    }
);

现在我想用 async/await 语法来做。所以我可以从 var mcResult = await mongoose.connect(dbURI, dbOptions); 开始，afaik 它将等待操作，直到它以任何结果结束（很像在同步模式下调用 C 函数 read() 或 fread()）。

但是那我应该写什么呢？什么返回到mcResult 变量以及如何检查错误或成功？基本上我想要一个类似的 sn-p，但使用正确的 async/await 语法编写。

我也想知道，因为我有自动重新连接，在dbOptions：

dbOptions: {
  autoReconnect: true,
  reconnectTries: 999999999,
  reconnectInterval: 3000
}

如果数据库连接不可用，它会永远“卡在”await 上吗？我希望你能给我一个线索，让我知道会发生什么以及它是如何工作的。

Answer 1

基本上我想要一个类似的 sn-p，但使用正确的 async/await 语法编写。

(async () => {
  try {
    await mongoose.connect(dbURI, dbOptions)
  } catch (err) {
    console.log('error: ' + err)
  }
})()

Answer 2

请试试这个，下面的代码有基本的数据库连接和查询：

const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const Schema = mongoose.Schema;

let url = 'mongodb://localhost:27017/test';

const usersSchema = new Schema({
    any: {}
}, {
    strict: false
});

const Users = mongoose.model('users', usersSchema, 'users');

/** We've created schema as in mongoose you need schemas for your collections to do operations on them */

const dbConnect = async () => {
    let db = null;
    try {
        /** In real-time you'll split DB connection(into another file) away from DB calls */
        await mongoose.connect(url, { useNewUrlParser: true }); // await on a step makes process to wait until it's done/ err'd out.
        db = mongoose.connection;

        let dbResp = await Users.find({}).lean(); /** Gets all documents out of users collection. 
                                   Using .lean() to convert MongoDB documents to raw Js objects for accessing further. */

        db.close(); // Needs to close connection, In general you don't close & re-create often. But needed for test scripts - You might use connection pooling in real-time. 
        return dbResp;
    } catch (err) {
        (db) && db.close(); /** Needs to close connection -
                   Only if mongoose.connect() is success & fails after it, as db connection is established by then. */

        console.log('Error at dbConnect ::', err)
        throw err;
    }
}

dbConnect().then(res => console.log('Printing at callee ::', res)).catch(err => console.log('Err at Call ::', err));

当我们谈论 async/await 时，我想提几件事 - await 肯定需要将其函数声明为 async - 否则会引发错误。并且建议将async/await 代码包裹在try/catch 块内。

Answer 3

const connectDb = async () => {
    await mongoose.connect(dbUri, dbOptions).then(
        () => {
            console.info(`Connected to database`)
        },
        error => {
            console.error(`Connection error: ${error.stack}`)
            process.exit(1)
        }
    )
}

connectDb().catch(error => console.error(error))

假设禁止使用then()，您可能会导致...

const connectDb = async () => {
    try {
        await mongoose.connect(dbConfig.url, dbConfigOptions)

        console.info(`Connected to database on Worker process: ${process.pid}`)
    } catch (error) {
        console.error(`Connection error: ${error.stack} on Worker process: ${process.pid}`)
        process.exit(1)
    }
}