NestJs / Mongoose 在 Docker 撰写时无法建立 MongoDB 数据库连接

Question

在运行我的前端、后端和 mongo 实例的 docker-compose 时，后端无法连接到 mongo db 容器。

我在后端使用 Mongoose 和 NestJs，连接代码如下所示：

const mongoUser = process.env.MONGO_USER;
const mongoPassword = process.env.MONGO_PASSWORD;
const mongoHostname = process.env.MONGO_HOSTNAME;
const mongoPort = process.env.MONGO_PORT;


const url = `mongodb://${mongoUser}:${mongoPassword}@${mongoHostname}:${mongoPort}`;

@Module({
  imports: [MongooseModule.forRoot(url, {
    useNewUrlParser: true,
    "user": process.env.MONGO_USER,
    "pass": process.env.MONGO_PASSWORD....

相应的 docker-compose.yaml 部分如下所示：

  backend:
    container_name: backend
    build:
      context: ./backend
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    ports:
      - 4001:4001
    depends_on:
      - mongo
    links:
      - mongo
    environment:
      MONGO_USER: root
      MONGO_PASSWORD: example
      MONGO_HOSTNAME: mongo
      MONGO_PORT: 27017
      PORT: 4001
    command: npm run start:dev

  mongo:
    image: mongo
    restart: always
    ports:
     - 27017:27017
    environment:
      MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME: root
      MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD: example

在容器的日志中，我可以看到正在尝试连接，但身份验证失败。

这里是日志。这很奇怪，因为环境端口工作并将其指向数据库，但显然 mongoDB 无法识别用户名和密码。

backend          | [Nest] 34   - 01/05/2021, 9:09:49 PM   [InstanceLoader] JwtModule dependencies initialized +1ms
mongo_1          | {"t":{"$date":"2021-01-05T21:09:49.815+00:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":22943,   "ctx":"listener","msg":"Connection accepted","attr":{"remote":"172.18.0.5:47566","connectionId":4,"connectionCount":3}}
mongo_1          | {"t":{"$date":"2021-01-05T21:09:49.847+00:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":51800,   "ctx":"conn4","msg":"client metadata","attr":{"remote":"172.18.0.5:47566","client":"conn4","doc":{"driver":{"name":"nodejs|Mongoose","version":"3.6.3"},"os":{"type":"Linux","name":"linux","architecture":"x64","version":"4.19.76-linuxkit"},"platform":"'Node.js v14.15.4, LE (unified)","version":"3.6.3|5.11.9"}}}
mongo_1          | {"t":{"$date":"2021-01-05T21:09:49.856+00:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":22943,   "ctx":"listener","msg":"Connection accepted","attr":{"remote":"172.18.0.5:47568","connectionId":5,"connectionCount":4}}
mongo_1          | {"t":{"$date":"2021-01-05T21:09:49.876+00:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":51800,   "ctx":"conn5","msg":"client metadata","attr":{"remote":"172.18.0.5:47568","client":"conn5","doc":{"driver":{"name":"nodejs|Mongoose","version":"3.6.3"},"os":{"type":"Linux","name":"linux","architecture":"x64","version":"4.19.76-linuxkit"},"platform":"'Node.js v14.15.4, LE (unified)","version":"3.6.3|5.11.9"}}}
mongo_1          | {"t":{"$date":"2021-01-05T21:09:49.877+00:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"ACCESS",   "id":20251,   "ctx":"conn5","msg":"Supported SASL mechanisms requested for unknown user","attr":{"user":"undefined@admin"}}
mongo_1          | {"t":{"$date":"2021-01-05T21:09:49.877+00:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"ACCESS",   "id":20249,   "ctx":"conn5","msg":"Authentication failed","attr":{"mechanism":"SCRAM-SHA-256","principalName":"undefined","authenticationDatabase":"admin","client":"172.18.0.5:47568","result":"UserNotFound: Could not find user \"undefined\" for db \"admin\""}}
mongo_1          | {"t":{"$date":"2021-01-05T21:09:49.880+00:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"ACCESS",   "id":20249,   "ctx":"conn5","msg":"Authentication failed","attr":{"mechanism":"SCRAM-SHA-1","principalName":"undefined","authenticationDatabase":"admin","client":"172.18.0.5:47568","result":"UserNotFound: Could not find user \"undefined\" for db \"admin\""}}
mongo_1          | {"t":{"$date":"2021-01-05T21:09:49.883+00:00"},"s":"I",  "c":"NETWORK",  "id":22944,   "ctx":"conn4","msg":"Connection ended","attr":{"remote":"172.18.0.5:47566","connectionId":4,"connectionCount":3}}
backend          | [Nest] 34   - 01/05/2021, 9:09:49 PM   [MongooseModule] Unable to connect to the database. Retrying (1)... +73ms

Answer 1

我美化了mongo的JSON输出，发现UserNotFound: Could not find user \"undefined\" for db \"admin\"：

{
  "t": {
    "$date": "2021-01-05T21:09:49.877+00:00"
  },
  "s": "I",
  "c": "ACCESS",
  "id": 20251,
  "ctx": "conn5",
  "msg": "Supported SASL mechanisms requested for unknown user",
  "attr": {
    "user": "undefined@admin"
  }
} {
  "t": {
    "$date": "2021-01-05T21:09:49.877+00:00"
  },
  "s": "I",
  "c": "ACCESS",
  "id": 20249,
  "ctx": "conn5",
  "msg": "Authentication failed",
  "attr": {
    "mechanism": "SCRAM-SHA-256",
    "principalName": "undefined",
    "authenticationDatabase": "admin",
    "client": "172.18.0.5:47568",
    "result": "UserNotFound: Could not find user \"undefined\" for db \"admin\""
  }
}

根据documentation，数据库名称应位于 url 的末尾，如：

url = mongodb://${mongoUser}:${mongoPassword}@${mongoHostname}:${mongoPort}/DB-NAME-HERE

由于您可以使用options "user", "pass" and "dbName"，我建议从凭据的网址中删除或删除选项user 和pass。