【发布时间】:2014-01-09 08:01:39
【问题描述】:
所以我在一个项目中使用两个 Xbee ZB (S2B) 将数据从一个传输到另一个。它是一个8位数据,无奇偶校验,1个停止位系统(8N1)。
我有两个问题。
1. 由于我在笔记本电脑上通过 RS232(DB9 连接器)接口连接到 USB 适配器,因此以 B230400 的波特率将系统调用 fwrite/fread /fopen/fclose 比 write/read/open/close 更好用吗? (我假设 fread() 不会正常工作,因为它没有波特率据我所知,为配置评分。)
2. 我有一台计算机运行一个程序(发射器程序)和另一个程序(接收器程序)。两个程序都需要能够读写,因为我希望能够从发送和接收端知道不同的信息集。
就像接收端(如果我看到字母Q,停止并关闭端口)或发送端(等待读取端发送字母G开始写入并在写入完成后关闭)。
在非规范输入处理下使用来自 (http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Serial-Programming-HOWTO/x115.html) 的一些代码,我尝试设置一个基本模板,用于从任一侧的 USB 端口写入和读取。我的问题是:
*发送和接收程序是否需要对 termios struct (newtio) 进行不同的配置设置(c_cflag、c_iflag、c_oflag、c_lflag)?*
我的代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <termios.h>
int open_port(char *path, int modes)
{
int fd; // File descriptor for port
fd = open(path, modes); // Open the path
if(fd == -1) return -1; // Could not be opened
printf("Port %s opened successfully.\n", path);
return fd; // Return fd
}
int setBaud(struct termios *termios_p, int baud)
{
int ires = 0; int ores = 0;
switch(baud)
{
0:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B0);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B0);
break;
50:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B50);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B50);
break;
75:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B75);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B75);
break;
110:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B110);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B110);
break;
134:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B134);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B134);
break;
150:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B150);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B150);
break;
200:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B200);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B200);
break;
300:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B300);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B300);
break;
600:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B600);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B600);
break;
1200:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B1200);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B1200);
break;
1800:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B1800);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B1800);
break;
2400:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B2400);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B2400);
break;
4800:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B4800);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B4800);
break;
9600:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B9600);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B9600);
break;
19200:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B19200);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B19200);
break;
38400:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B38400);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B38400);
break;
57600:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B57600);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B57600);
break;
115200:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B115200);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B115200);
break;
230400:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B230400);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B230400);
break;
default:
ires = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B9600);
ores = cfsetispeed(&termios_p, B9600);
break;
}
if(ires == -1 | ores == -1) return -1; // ISpeed or OSpeed could not be set
else { printf("Baud set successfully to %d\n", baud); return 0; }
}
char* readIt(int fd)
{
char buf;
char *tmp;
tmp = calloc(2, sizeof(char);
if( read(fd, buf, 1) == 1 ) { tmp[0] = buf; tmp[1] = 0; } // Return char in tmp[0]
else { tmp[0] = 0x45; tmp[1] = 0x52; } // Return ER in char meaning error
return tmp;
}
int writeIt(int fd, char *str, int bytes)
{
if( write(fd, str, bytes) == bytes ) return 0; // Write success
else return -1; // Failed write
}
int main (int argc, char **argv)
{
int usb;
volatile int STOP = 0;
if(argc == 1) { printf("Must enter usb port path.\n"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } // No second argument
else if (argc > 1) { usb = open_port(argv[1], O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY ); }
struct termios oldterm, newterm;
tcgetattr(fd, &oldtio); // Save old terminal settings
bzero(&newtio, sizeof(newtio)); // Clear out struct
if( setBaud(&newtio, 230400) != 0 ) { printf("Baud could not be set\n"); exit (EXIT_FAILURE); } // Set up baud rate
newtio.c_cflag = CS8 | CREAD | CLOCAL; // 8 data bits, enable receiver, local line
newtio.c_cflag &= ~PARENB | ~CSTOPB; // No parity, one stop bit
newtio.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF | IXANY); // Disable software flow control
newtio.c_oflag = 0;
newtio.c_lflag = 0;
newtio.c_cc[VTIME] = 0; // No timeout clock for read
newtio.c_cc[VMIN] = 1; // Wait for one character before reading another
tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH);
tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &newtio); // Set fd with new settings immediately
/* Do writing or reading from port in here - readIt or writeIt*/
tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &oldtio); // Set fd with old settings immediately
close(fd); // Close fd
return 0;
}
如果可能,我正在寻找最佳的写入和读取速率,此时没有数据损坏处理。通过优化,我说的是 termios 结构的配置标志的最佳设置。
感谢您的帮助。
【问题讨论】:
-
“我正在寻找没有数据损坏处理的最佳写入和读取速率” -- 一旦数据到达接收器,数据丢失的唯一可能性就是接收器或缓冲区溢出。您一次只读取一个字节的慢速方法可能会导致缓冲区溢出。这绝对是对 read() 系统调用的低效使用。
标签: c serial-port xbee termios