使用 GCC 编译 C 程序时出现 GMP 库错误：“ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64”答案

【问题标题】：Compiling C program using GCC with GMP library error: "ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64"使用 GCC 编译 C 程序时出现 GMP 库错误：“ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64”
【发布时间】：2013-02-13 16:11:36
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试编译一个使用 GMP 库中的许多函数的 C 程序 (gfp2.c)。我使用正常的配置、制作和安装顺序下载并安装了 GMP 库。我还在安装前运行了 make check 并且没有错误。

我正在使用 GMP 5.1.1、GCC 4.2.1 和 MAC OS 10.8.2。

我首先输入gcc gfp2.c -lgmp 链接库，然后尝试gcc gfp2.c 并在终端上得到以下输出：

1407-wn-172-21-30-223:pqcrypto11_scripts dfish$ gcc gfp2.c -lgmp 

v1407-wn-172-21-30-223:pqcrypto11_scripts dfish$ gcc gfp2.c

Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:

  "___gmp_printf", referenced from:
      _print_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmp_randinit_default", referenced from:
      _setup_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmp_sprintf", referenced from:
      _get_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_add", referenced from:
      _add_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _mul_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _sqr_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_add_ui", referenced from:
      _add_GF_ui in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_addmul", referenced from:
      _inv_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_clear", referenced from:
      _clear_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _setup_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _free_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_cmp", referenced from:
      _cmp_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_cmp_ui", referenced from:
      _is_one_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_fdiv_ui", referenced from:
      _setup_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_init", referenced from:
      _init_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _setup_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_init_set_str", referenced from:
      _setup_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_init_set_ui", referenced from:
      _setup_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_invert", referenced from:
      _inv_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _a24 in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_mod", referenced from:
      _add_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _add_GF_ui in ccrft0vq.o
      _sub_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _sub_GF_ui in ccrft0vq.o
      _scalar_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _scalar_GF_si in ccrft0vq.o
      _mul_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      ...

  "___gmpz_mul", referenced from:
      _scalar_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _mul_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _sqr_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _inv_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_mul_2exp", referenced from:
      _setup_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_mul_si", referenced from:
      _scalar_GF_si in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_neg", referenced from:
      _inv_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_pow_ui", referenced from:
      _setup_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_set", referenced from:
      _copy_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _add_GF_ui in ccrft0vq.o
      _sub_GF_ui in ccrft0vq.o
      _neg_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_set_str", referenced from:
      _set_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_set_ui", referenced from:
      _shamir in ccrft0vq.o
      _a24 in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_sizeinbase", referenced from:
      _mont_3ladder in ccrft0vq.o
      _shamir in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_sub", referenced from:
      _sub_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _neg_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _mul_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _sqr_GF in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_sub_ui", referenced from:
      _setup_GF in ccrft0vq.o
      _sub_GF_ui in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_tstbit", referenced from:
      _mont_3ladder in ccrft0vq.o
      _shamir in ccrft0vq.o

  "___gmpz_urandomm", referenced from:
      _random_GF in ccrft0vq.o

ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

我对 C 编程和使用库等还是很陌生，真的不知道我在做什么，因此不胜感激。谢谢！

【问题讨论】：

标签： c macos gcc gmp

【解决方案1】：

您的第一次尝试已经完成了编译和链接。您不需要执行第二步。如果你检查你的目录，你会发现一个名为 a.out 的文件是你需要的可执行文件。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

需要在GMP库中链接：

gcc gfp2.c -lgmp

（不清楚为什么你最初让它工作，然后在没有库的情况下重新运行）。

【讨论】：