【发布时间】:2016-08-22 12:42:18
【问题描述】:
在以下第一轮之后,我不明白导致段错误的原因:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
struct query_param {
char *key;
char *val;
};
void extract_params(struct query_param **query_params, char *query_string,
size_t *query_params_len) {
char *token, *key;
while (query_string != NULL) {
token = strsep(&query_string, "&");
key = strsep(&token, "=");
*query_params = realloc(*query_params, (*query_params_len + 1) *
sizeof(struct query_param));
query_params[*query_params_len]->key = malloc(strlen(key));
query_params[*query_params_len]->val = malloc(strlen(token));
memcpy(query_params[*query_params_len]->key, key, strlen(key));
memcpy(query_params[*query_params_len]->val, token, strlen(token));
(*query_params_len)++;
}
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
char *query_string = "foo=bar&baz=boo&zip=zap";
size_t query_params_len = 0;
struct query_param *query_params = NULL;
extract_params(&query_params, query_string, &query_params_len);
return 0;
}
将第一个键值对添加到结构中可以正常工作,但 第二个 malloc 会导致 麻烦。
valgrind 信息:
==15319== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==15319== Copyright (C) 2002-2015, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==15319== Using Valgrind-3.11.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==15319== Command: ./a.out
==15319==
==15319==
==15319== Process terminating with default action of signal 11 (SIGSEGV)
==15319== Bad permissions for mapped region at address 0x4008DF
==15319== at 0x4EC1A0B: strsep (in /lib64/libc-2.23.so)
==15319== by 0x4006C0: extract_params (foo.c:15)
==15319== by 0x400848: main (foo.c:36)
==15319==
==15319== HEAP SUMMARY:
==15319== in use at exit: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==15319== total heap usage: 0 allocs, 0 frees, 0 bytes allocated
==15319==
==15319== All heap blocks were freed -- no leaks are possible
==15319==
==15319== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==15319== ERROR SUMMARY: 0 errors from 0 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)
在运行 valgrind 之后,仍然无法解决这个问题。特别是堆摘要对我来说没有任何意义。 malloc 运行 3 次后怎么会分配 0 个字节?
干杯!
【问题讨论】:
-
没有错误检查,没有minimal reproducible example,没有细节。见How to Ask!
-
你可以自己调试它,用
gcc -g(并且没有-O...标志)编译它,然后通过valgrind运行它。如果您不理解valgrind的输出,请将其复制粘贴到问题中。 -
感谢您迄今为止的意见。运行 valgrind 之后,我比以前更困惑:D
-
C 没有传递引用。它支持按值传递指针,但这不是一回事。
-
考虑使用
strdup()代替strlen()+malloc()+memcpy()。前者更短、更清晰、等价。
标签: c arrays struct segmentation-fault dynamically-generated