如何使用 BluetoothLeScanner 类广播 iBeacon？

Question

我想使用来自android.bluetooth.le 的BluetoothLeAdvertiser 类通过android 传输iBluetooth。但似乎我无法设置某些 制造商规范数据 字段以匹配 iBeacon 的字段。


iBeacon 结构：

This 和 this 告诉您 iBeacon 的 制造商规格数据 值需要包含哪些内容。基本上：

Apple Company Identifier (Little Endian), 0x004c = 76
data type, 0x02 => iBeacon
data length, 0x15 = 21
uuid: 585CDE931B0142CC9A1325009BEDC65E
major: [0000]
minor: 0000
meaured power at 1 meter: 0xc5 = -59

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我一直在关注this tutorial，其中包含以下步骤：

1. 使用AdvertiseData.Builder.addManufacturerData() 创建AdvertiseData 对象（我认为这应该是制造商规格数据，有关问题请参见下文）

   protected void setAdvertiseData() {
   
     AdvertiseData.Builder mBuilder = new AdvertiseData.Builder();
   
     ByteBuffer mManufacturerData = ByteBuffer.allocate(24);
   
     byte[] uuid = getIdAsByte(UUID.fromString("0CF052C2-97CA-407C-84F8-B62AAC4E9020"));
   
     mManufacturerData.put(0, (byte)0xBE); // Beacon Identifier
   
     mManufacturerData.put(1, (byte)0xAC); // Beacon Identifier
   
     for (int i=2; i<=17; i++) {
   
       mManufacturerData.put(i, uuid[i-2]); // adding the UUID
   
     }
   
     mManufacturerData.put(18, (byte)0x00); // first byte of Major
     mManufacturerData.put(19, (byte)0x09); // second byte of Major
     mManufacturerData.put(20, (byte)0x00); // first minor
     mManufacturerData.put(21, (byte)0x06); // second minor
     mManufacturerData.put(22, (byte)0xB5); // txPower
     mBuilder.addManufacturerData(224, mManufacturerData.array()); // using google's company ID
     mAdvertiseData = mBuilder.build();
   }
   

2. 使用AdvertiseSettings.Builder 创建AdvertiseSettings

   protected void setAdvertiseSettings() {
     AdvertiseSettings.Builder mBuilder = new AdvertiseSettings.Builder();
     mBuilder.setAdvertiseMode(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_POWER);
     mBuilder.setConnectable(false);
     mBuilder.setTimeout(0);
     mBuilder.setTxPowerLevel(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_MEDIUM);
     mAdvertiseSettings = mBuilder.build();
   }
   

3. 使用 BluetoothLeAdvertiser 广播 AdvertiseSettings 和 AdvertiseData。 （这也需要一个回调，告诉蓝牙传输是否有效，没有问题）

   mBluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(mAdvertiseSettings, mAdvertiseData, mAdvertiseCallback);
   

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这些步骤的问题是：

• 不清楚AdvertiseData.Builder.addManufacturerData() 将其第二个Byte[] 制造商规范数据参数放在制造商规范数据 的位置，特别是因为AdvertiseData.Builder.addManufacturerData() 的第一个参数也是制造商规格数据

中的em>制造商类型字段

• 以下BluetoothLeAdvertiser构造函数参数似乎将字节写入制造商规范数据，覆盖了addManufacturerData中添加的字节

  • AdvertiseSettings.Builder.setTxPowerLevel 和 PeriodicAdvertisingParameters.Builder.setIncludeTxPower 将覆盖在 AdvertiseData.Builder.addManufacturerData() 中设置的 TX 功率 (RSSI)，并且在与其他一些 BluetoothLeAdvertiser 函数（如 BluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertisingSet）结合时会相互覆盖。
  • 虽然在我给出的示例中没有显示，AdvertiseData.Builder 也有函数addServiceUuid 会覆盖AdvertiseData.Builder.addManufacturerData() 中添加的 UUID
    

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起初我在关注this 教程，并正在传输一个 Alt-Beacon。也许BluetoothLeAdvertiser 类假设我仍在传输结构不同于iBeacon 的Alt-Beacon。

Alt-Beacon 结构:

其他资源：

• ti docs on BLE
• decompiled source for all these functions
• Android Bluetooth Low Energy tutorial

更新代码

public AdvertiseData getiBeaconData() {
    AdvertiseData.Builder mBuilder = new AdvertiseData.Builder();
    ByteBuffer mManufacturerData = ByteBuffer.allocate(24);

    byte[] uuid = getIdAsByte(UUID.fromString(thisCont.getString( R.string.ble_uuid )) );
    ParcelUuid parced = new ParcelUuid(UUID.fromString(thisCont.getString( R.string.ble_uuid )) );
    /*

R.string.ble_uuid == CDB7950D-73F1-4D4D-8E47-C090502DBD63 这是关于 iBeacon 结构的 http://smlie-blog.blogspot.com/2014/06/bluetooth-ibeacon-packet-format.html */

    //mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); //Manufactor Id 1
    //mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x4C); //Manufactor Id 2
   // mManufacturerData.put((byte)0xBE); //ibeconid1
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x02); //ibeconid2
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x15); //Data length
    for (byte i:uuid) {
        mManufacturerData.put(i); // adding the UUID
    }
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); //major first
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); //major second
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); //minor first
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); //minor second
    //mManufacturerData.put((byte)0xC5); //TX power

    /*
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x1A); // Beacon Identifier was BE  iBeacon = 00
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0xFF); // Beacon Identifier was AC  iBeacon = 02
    /* the above 2 lines are the ibeacon AD Indicator

    for (byte i:uuid) {
        mManufacturerData.put(i); // adding the UUID
    }
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); // first byte of Major
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); // second byte of Major
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); // first minor
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0x00); // second minor
    mManufacturerData.put((byte)0xC5); // txPower (RSSI) (from tx)
    mBuilder.addManufacturerData(16, mManufacturerData.array()); // using google's company ID
    */

    mBuilder.addManufacturerData(76, mManufacturerData.array()); // using google's company ID
    //mBuilder.addServiceUuid(parced);
    return mBuilder.build();

}

Answer 1

我认为您的代码非常好。一些备注：

• Apple 的制造商 ID 为 76：mBuilder.addManufacturerData(76, mManufacturerData.array())
• iBeacon 类型为 0x02：mManufacturerData.put(0, (byte)0x02); // Beacon Identifier
• 长度为0x15：mManufacturerData.put(1, (byte)0x15); // Beacon Identifier
• 我不确定这是否有效：UUID.fromString("0CF052C297CA407C84F8B62AAC4E9020")。通常fromString() 方法需要类似：UUID.fromString("F0018B9B-7509-4C31-A905-1A27D39C003D")

总结一下：

protected void setAdvertiseData() {

     AdvertiseData.Builder mBuilder = new AdvertiseData.Builder()

     ByteBuffer mManufacturerData = ByteBuffer.allocate(23);

     byte[] uuid = getIdAsByte(UUID.fromString("0CF052C297CA407C84F8B62AAC4E9020"));

     mManufacturerData.put(0, (byte)0x02);
     mManufacturerData.put(1, (byte)0x15); 

     for (int i=2; i<=17; i++) {
       mManufacturerData.put(i, uuid[i-2]); // adding the UUID
     }

     mManufacturerData.put(18, (byte)0x00); // first byte of Major
     mManufacturerData.put(19, (byte)0x09); // second byte of Major
     mManufacturerData.put(20, (byte)0x00); // first minor
     mManufacturerData.put(21, (byte)0x06); // second minor
     mManufacturerData.put(22, (byte)0xB5); // txPower

     mBuilder.addManufacturerData(76, mManufacturerData.array()); 
     mAdvertiseData = mBuilder.build();
}