Twig 中的macro 标记是一种可以用来避免代码重复的函数，它适用于具有{% import _self as macro %} 的单个模板，或者在使用相同视图变量的一组控制器的一些不同模板之间共享.
如果你需要在 twig 中全局使用一个函数，你最好创建一个\Twig_SimpleFunction。
见http://twig.sensiolabs.org/doc/advanced.html#functions和http://symfony.com/doc/current/cookbook/templating/twig_extension.html
根据评论编辑
不管怎样，你可以有这样的东西来自动加载宏：
<?php
// src/AppBundle/Twig/MacroAutoloadExtension.php
namespace AppBundle\Twig;
class MacroAutoloadExtension extends \Twig_Extension
{
public function getFunctions()
{
return array(
// "*"" is used to get "template_macro" as $macro as third argument
new \Twig_SimpleFunction('macro_*', array($this, 'getMacro'), array(
'needs_environment' => true, // $env first argument will render the macro
'needs_context' => true, // $context second argument an array of view vars
'is_safe' => array('html'), // function returns escaped html
'is_variadic' => true, // and takes any number of arguments
))
);
}
public function getMacro(\Twig_Environment $env, array $context, $macro, array $vars = array())
{
list($name, $func) = explode('_', $macro);
$notInContext = 0; // helps generate unique context key
$varToContextKey = function ($var) use (&$context, $name, $func, &$notInContext) {
if (false !== $idx = array_search($var, $context, true)) {
return $idx;
}
// else the var does not belong to context
$key = '_'.$name.'_'.$func.'_'.++$notInContext;
$context[$key] = $var;
return $key;
};
$args = implode(', ', array_map($varToContextKey, $vars));
$twig = <<<EOT
{% import '_includes/macros/$name.twig' as $name %}
{{ $name.$func($args) }}
EOT;
try {
$html = $env->createTemplate($twig)->render($context);
} catch (\Twig_Error $e) {
$e->setTemplateFile(sprintf('_includes/macro/%s.twig', $name));
throw $e;
}
return $html;
}
public function getName()
{
return 'macro_autoload_extension';
}
}
注册扩展：
# app/config/sevices.yml
services:
...
app.macro_autoload_extension:
class: AppBundle\Twig\MacroAutoloadExtension
public: false
tags:
- { name: twig.extension }
写一些宏：
{# app/Resources/views/_includes/macros/list.twig #}
{% macro ol(array) %}
{% if array is iterable %}
<ol>
{% for item in array %}
<li>
{% if item is iterable %}
{% for sub_item in item %}{{ macro_list_ul(sub_item) }}{% endfor %}
{% else %}
{{ item }}
{% endif %}
</li>
{% endfor %}
</ol>
{% else %}
<ol><li>{{ array }}</li></ol>
{% endif %}
{% endmacro %}
{% macro ul(array) %}
{% if array is iterable %}
<ul>
{% for key, item in array %}
{{ key }}:
{% if item is iterable %}
{% for sub_item in item %}{{ macro_list_ul(sub_item) }}{% endfor %}
{% else %}{{ item }}{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% else %}
<ul><li>{{ array }}</li></ul>
{% endif %}
{% endmacro %}
然后您可以在视图中的任何地方使用：
{{ macro_list_ol(['un', 'deux', 'trois']) }}
或：
{% set hash = { 'one': 1, 'two': 'deux', 'posts': posts } %}
{{ macro_list_ul(hash) }}
奖金
通常当您在带有_self 的模板（一个文件）中或从另一个模板中导入宏时，如果您需要在 set 标记中使用宏，则该宏不可用，因为set 标记的作用域与 @ 不同987654334@（即使它共享上下文）：
{# /app/Resources/views/includes/macro/outer.html.twig #}
{% macro function(args) %}
...
{% endmacro %}
加
{# /app/Resources/views/Bundle/Controller/action.html.twig #}
{% macro inner_macro(arg1, arg2) %}
{# render something #}
{# cannot access context of this view, only args #}
{% endmacro %}
{% import _self as inner %}
{% import '/includes/macro/outer_macro.html.twig' as outer %} {# cannot access context either %}
...
{% set some_var %}
{# can access context but neither outer or inner #}
{{ inner.inner_macro('yes', 64) }} {# will not work #}
{# you need to do import _self as inner again %}
{# this is fix by both my answer and the one by @KalZekdor #}
{{ macro_outer_function(var_from_context) }} {# will work #}
{% endset %}
{{ some_var }}
您甚至可以在不使用导入的情况下从宏中调用宏。
更新
我创建了一个gist