【发布时间】:2021-01-12 04:52:47
【问题描述】:
我在使用-race 标志的测试期间发现了数据竞争。更新结构并从结构方法读取值时发生数据竞争。
后来我发现将方法从非指针接收器更改为指针接收器可以解决数据竞争。但我不明白原因。谁能解释一下原因?
package main
import (
"fmt"
"testing"
)
type TestStruct struct {
display bool
OtherValue int
}
func (t TestStruct) Display() bool {
return t.display
}
func (t *TestStruct) DisplayP() bool {
return t.display
}
func TestNonPointerRecevier(t *testing.T) {
v := &TestStruct{
display: true,
}
go func() {
v.OtherValue = 1
}()
go func() {
fmt.Println(v.Display())
}()
}
func TestPointerRecevier(t *testing.T) {
v := &TestStruct{
display: true,
}
go func() {
v.OtherValue = 1
}()
go func() {
fmt.Println(v.DisplayP())
}()
}
使用指针接收方法没有错误
go test -race -run ^TestPointerRecevier$
true
PASS
ok _/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace 0.254s
使用非指针接收方法时出现此错误
go test -race -run ^TestNonPointerRecevier$
==================
WARNING: DATA RACE
Read at 0x00c00001c2c8 by goroutine 9:
_/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace.TestNonPointerRecevier.func2()
/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace/main_test.go:30 +0x47
Previous write at 0x00c00001c2c8 by goroutine 8:
_/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace.TestNonPointerRecevier.func1()
/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace/main_test.go:27 +0x3e
Goroutine 9 (running) created at:
_/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace.TestNonPointerRecevier()
/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace/main_test.go:29 +0xba
testing.tRunner()
/usr/local/Cellar/go/1.15.6/libexec/src/testing/testing.go:1123 +0x202
Goroutine 8 (finished) created at:
_/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace.TestNonPointerRecevier()
/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace/main_test.go:26 +0x98
testing.tRunner()
/usr/local/Cellar/go/1.15.6/libexec/src/testing/testing.go:1123 +0x202
==================
true
FAIL
exit status 1
FAIL _/Users/xxxxx/projects/golang/datarace 0.103s
【问题讨论】:
-
v的整个值,包括字段OtherValue,在使用值接收者进行调用时被读取。这是与另一个 goroutine 中的写入字段OtherValue的数据竞争。使用指针接收器进行调用时,不会读取字段OtherValue的值。 -
谢谢,是因为 Go 在使用值接收器时会创建 v 的副本吗?