Raspberry Pi 按钮 LED 随机触发器

Question

我编写此代码是为了检查连接到 GPIO 引脚 13 的按钮是否被按下。我的电路从 3.3v 电源到 220ohm 电阻再到按钮和 GPIO 引脚 13。我的 LED 电路本身工作得很好。每当我运行此脚本时，LED 似乎会随机关闭和打开，并且无需我按下按钮即可打印相关文本。这似乎是完全随机的。

当我按下按钮时，要么未检测到输入，要么检测到多个输入。

这是我的源代码：

#Turn LED on and off with push button
#By H
#Start date: February 12th, 2021
#End dat

#Importing GPIO and time libraries for delays and use of RPi3B GPIO pins
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time

#Setting GPIO mode to BOARD in order to use on-board GPIO numbering
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)

#Setting 13 as an input for the push button
#Setting 11 as an output for the LED
GPIO.setup(13,GPIO.IN) 
GPIO.setup(11,GPIO.OUT)

#Infinite while statement so the script doesnt end, containing checks for the button being pushed, and turning the LED on/off
while True:
    print ("Off")
    GPIO.output(11, GPIO.LOW)
    while GPIO.input(13) == 1:
        time.sleep(0.1) 
    print ("On")
    GPIO.output(11, GPIO.HIGH)
    while GPIO.input(13) == 0:
        time.sleep(0.1)     

我还使用了来自 Raspberry Pi 论坛的脚本，该脚本使用带有 GPIO_EVENT_DETECT 的上拉和下拉电阻以及 2 个单独的开关按钮。每当我使用该代码按下任一按钮时，我都会快速连续获得 2,3 甚至更多输入，即使我只按下了一次按钮。

这里是源代码：

import time
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)

btn_input = 11;# button to monitor for button presses.
btn_input2 = 13;# 2nd button to monitor for button presses.
LED_output = 15;   # LED to light or not depending on button presses.

# GPIO btn_input set up as input.
GPIO.setup(btn_input, GPIO.IN)
GPIO.setup(btn_input2, GPIO.IN)
GPIO.setup(LED_output, GPIO.OUT)

# handle the button event
def buttonEventHandler_rising (pin):
    # turn LED on
    GPIO.output(LED_output,True)
    print("on")
    
def buttonEventHandler_falling (pin):
    # turn LED off
    GPIO.output(LED_output,False)
    print("off")


# set up the event handlers so that when there is a button press event, we
# the specified call back is invoked.
GPIO.add_event_detect(btn_input, GPIO.RISING, callback=buttonEventHandler_rising) 
GPIO.add_event_detect(btn_input2, GPIO.FALLING, callback=buttonEventHandler_falling)
 
# we have now set our even handlers and we now need to wait until
# the event we have registered for actually happens.
# This is an infinite loop that waits for an exception to happen and
# and when the exception happens, the except of the try is triggered
# and then execution continues after the except statement.
try:  
    while True : pass  
except:
    print("Stopped")
    GPIO.cleanup()      

我该如何解决这些问题，以便我可以使用 1 个单个按钮来打开和关闭 LED，按下按钮将其打开，释放后它保持亮起，再次按下它将关闭它，保持发布后关闭？

Answer 1

尝试设置 pull_up_down 属性GPIO.setup(13, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_DOWN) 并移除电阻。 使用电阻器可能不会迫使张力上升到足够高，因为电流会使其下降，这可能是您出现这种不稳定行为的原因。如果内部电阻在 50k 左右，则应该如此。 尝试查看 gpiozero Button - led 的食谱。 gpiozero 还有一个去抖参数。

LED 需要电阻器，因为它只能处理 0.7v 的电压。要达到 3.3v 或 5v，您需要电阻器来降低附加电压。电阻越低，LED 越亮。如果它太高，将没有足够的电流使 LED 亮起。