ASP.Net Core 3.0 JWT Bearer Token 没有 SecurityTokenValidator 可用

Question

我使用 ASP.Net Core 3.0 API 和 EntityFramework Core 作为 UserStorage。 启动.cs：

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
            {
             using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer;
             using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
             using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
             using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
             using Microsoft.AspNetCore.SpaServices.AngularCli;
             using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
             using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
             using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
             using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
             using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
             using System;
             using System.Collections.Generic;
             using System.Linq;
             using System.Text;
             using System.Threading.Tasks;
                .
                .
                .

                //Add Identity Provider with EntityFramework
                services.AddIdentity<User, IdentityRole>()
                .AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDBContext>()
                .AddDefaultTokenProviders();

                //Initialize EntityFramework
                services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDBContext>(options => options.UseSqlite(Configuration.GetConnectionString("localDB")));

                //Initialize JWT Authentication
                services.AddAuthentication(options => {
                    options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                    options.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                }).AddJwtBearer(jwtBearerOptions =>
                {
                    jwtBearerOptions.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters()
                    {
                        ValidateIssuer = true,
                        ValidateAudience = true,
                        ValidateLifetime = true,
                        ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,

                        ValidIssuer = "http://localhost:44352",
                        ValidAudience = "http://localhost:44352",
                        IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Configuration.GetSection("Secrets")["jwt"]))
                    };
                }
                );
                services.AddMvc(options => options.EnableEndpointRouting = false)
                    .AddNewtonsoftJson();

                // In production, the Angular files will be served from this directory
                services.AddSpaStaticFiles(configuration =>
                {
                    configuration.RootPath = "ClientApp/dist";
                });
            }

            .
            .
            .


                app.UseHttpsRedirection();
                app.UseStaticFiles();
                app.UseSpaStaticFiles();

                //Enable Authentication
                app.UseAuthentication();
                app.UseAuthorization();

                .
                .
                .

                app.UseMvc(routes =>
                {
                    routes.MapRoute(
                        name: "default",
                        template: "{controller}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
                });


    .
    .
    .

这是我发出 JWT 令牌的代码：

public async Task<IActionResult> Login()
        {
            using (var reader = new StreamReader(Request.Body))
            {
                var body = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
                var cred = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Credentials>(body);
                var result = (await userService.LoginUser(cred.userName, cred.password));
                if (result == 200)
                {

                    var secretKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(configuration.GetSection("Secrets")["jwt"]));
                    var signinCredentials = new SigningCredentials(secretKey, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256Signature);

                    var roles = await userService.GetRoleFromUsername(cred.userName);
                    var rolesString = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(roles);

                    var tokeOptions = new JwtSecurityToken(
                                issuer: "http://localhost:44352",
                                audience: "http://localhost:44352",
                                claims: new List<Claim>(new List<Claim> {
                                        new Claim("userName",cred.userName),
                                        new Claim("roles", rolesString)
                                }),
                                expires: DateTime.Now.AddHours(1),
                                signingCredentials: signinCredentials
                    );

这是我使用授权的 API 调用：

[Route("api/videos/add")]
[Authorize(Roles = "Admin")]
[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> AddVideo()
{
    using (var reader = new StreamReader(Request.Body))
    {
        var body = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
        var video = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Video>(body);
        await videoService.AddVideo(video);
        return Ok();
    }
}

我的 NuGet 包是：

• Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore {3.0.0-preview5.19227.1}
• Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite {3.0.0-preview5.19227.1}
• Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer {3.0.0-preview4-19216-03}
• Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite.Core {3.0.0-preview5.19227.1}
• Microsoft.NETCore.Platforms {3.0.0-preview4.19212.13}
• Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.NewtonsoftJson {3.0.0-preview5-19227-01}
• Microsoft.AspNetCore.SpaServices.Extensions {3.0.0-preview5-19227-01}
• Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore {3.0.0-preview5-19227-01}
• runtime.win-x64.Microsoft.NETCore.DotNetAppHost {3.0.0-preview4-27615-11}

我遇到的问题是，如果我调用那个 API 部分，我会收到错误：

信息：承载未通过身份验证。失败消息：没有可用于令牌的 SecurityTokenValidator：

任何帮助将不胜感激，因为我找不到错误

Answer 1

如果您想添加角色作为声明，请尝试使用ClaimTypes.Role 而不是roles。

var tokeOptions = new JwtSecurityToken(
                            issuer: "http://localhost:44352",
                            audience: "http://localhost:44352",
                            claims: new List<Claim>(new List<Claim> {
                                    new Claim("userName",cred.userName),
                                    new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role, "Admin")                                      
                            }),
                            expires: DateTime.Now.AddHours(1),
                            signingCredentials: signinCredentials
                );

Answer 2

感谢邹星，我找到了错误的根源。问题是我用引号发送了不记名令牌。

现在API中的错误消失了，问题是现在API中的授权失败并返回403。

编辑：

我发现了有关错误 403 的问题。似乎您只能在承载令牌中发送一个角色以供 ASP.Net 验证它。 userManager.GetRolesAsync 的返回类型表明用户可以拥有多个角色，这些角色可以包含在 JWT 不记名令牌中。

这意味着我的问题已解决。

我要感谢大家的回答。没有你，我不会得到它！

Answer 3

我是这样处理这个问题的：

client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Authorization", $"Bearer {token.Replace("\"", "")}");

不是最好的解决方案，但确实有效。