从 Array 中获取随机唯一元素，直到在 Swift 中选择了所有元素

Question

我有以下数组：

var notebookCovers = ["cover1", "cover2", "cover3", "cover4", "cover4", "cover6", "cover7", "cover8", "cover9", "cover10"]

还有一个UIButton，当它被按下时，它会生成一个带有数组元素之一的新UIImage。

我需要做的是每次点击按钮以从数组中生成随机但唯一的元素（不重复元素），直到它们全部被选中，然后再次重新启动数组。

到目前为止，我得到了一个随机元素，但它是重复的，我不知道怎么做，所以它每次都会得到一个独特的图像

func createNewNotebook() {
    let newNotebook = Notebook()
    let randomInt = randomNumber()
    newNotebook.coverImageString = notebookCovers[randomInt]
    notebooks.insert(newNotebook, at: 0)
    collectionView.reloadData()
}

func randomNumber() -> Int {
    var previousNumber = arc4random_uniform(UInt32(notebookCovers.count))   
    var randomNumber = arc4random_uniform(UInt32(notebookCovers.count - 1)) 
    notebookCovers.shuffle()
    if randomNumber == previousNumber {
        randomNumber = UInt32(notebookCovers.count - 1)
    }
    previousNumber = randomNumber
    return Int(randomNumber)
}

Answer 1

Set 是一个包含唯一元素的集合类型。将您的 notebooks 数组转换为 Set 还可以让您利用其 randomElement 函数

var aSet = Set(notebooks)

let element = aSet.randomElement()
aSet.remove(element)

Answer 2

复制数组。随机播放副本。现在只需继续删除第一个元素，直到副本为空。当它为空时，重新开始。

例子：

let arr = [1,2,3,4,5]
var copy = [Int]()
for _ in 1...30 { // just to demonstrate what happens
    if copy.isEmpty { copy = arr; copy.shuffle() }
    let element = copy.removeFirst() ; print(element, terminator:" ")
}
// 4 2 3 5 1 1 5 3 2 4 4 1 2 3 5 1 4 5 2 3 3 5 4 2 1 3 2 4 5 1

Answer 3

如果要创建循环解决方案：

let originalSet = Set(arrayLiteral: "a","b","c")
var selectableSet = originalSet

func repeatingRandomObject() -> String {
    if selectableSet.isEmpty {
        selectableSet = originalSet
    }

    return selectableSet.remove(selectableSet.randomElement()!)!
}

强制解包在这里是种安全的，因为我们知道结果永远不会为零。如果您不想强制展开：

let originalSet = Set(arrayLiteral: "a","b","c")
var selectableSet = originalSet

func repeatingRandomObject() -> String? {
    if selectableSet.isEmpty {
        selectableSet = originalSet
    }

    guard let randomElement = selectableSet.randomElement() else { return nil }
    return selectableSet.remove(randomElement)
}

Answer 4

你可以试试这样的，

var notebookCovers = ["cover1", "cover2", "cover3", "cover4", "cover4", "cover6", "cover7", "cover8", "cover9", "cover10"]
var tappedNotebooks: [String] = []
func tapping() {
    let notebook  =  notebookCovers[Int.random(in: 0...notebookCovers.count - 1)]
    if tappedNotebooks.contains(notebook){
        print("already exists trying again!")
        tapping()
    } else {
        tappedNotebooks.append(notebook)
        print("appended", notebook)
    }
    if tappedNotebooks == notebookCovers {
        tappedNotebooks = []
        print("cleared Tapped notebooks")
    }
}

Answer 5

随机播放是可能的：

struct AnantShuffler<Base: MutableCollection> {

    private var collection: Base
    private var index: Base.Index

    public init?(collection: Base) {
        guard !collection.isEmpty else {
            return nil
        }
        self.collection = collection
        self.index = collection.startIndex
    }

    public mutating func next() -> Base.Iterator.Element {
        let result = collection[index]
        collection.formIndex(after: &index)
        if index == collection.endIndex {
            collection.shuffle()
            index = collection.startIndex
        }
        return result
    }
}

fileprivate extension MutableCollection {
    /// Shuffles the contents of this collection.
    mutating func shuffle() {
        let c = count
        guard c > 1 else { return }

        for (firstUnshuffled, unshuffledCount) in zip(indices, stride(from: c, to: 1, by: -1)) {
            let d: Int = numericCast(arc4random_uniform(numericCast(unshuffledCount)))
            let i = index(firstUnshuffled, offsetBy: d)
            swapAt(firstUnshuffled, i)
        }
    }
}

用途：

let shuffler = AnantShuffler(collection: ["c1","c2","c3"].shuffled())
shuffler?.next()