生产现场自发拒绝真实性令牌的原因答案

【问题标题】：Reasons for spontaneously authenticity token rejection on production site生产现场自发拒绝真实性令牌的原因
【发布时间】：2017-01-06 15:55:40
【问题描述】：

我的 Rails 应用程序不时抛出一个 ActionController::InvalidAuthenticityToken。它每月左右自发发生一次。由于我认为没有其他站点尝试进行 CSRF 攻击，因此我开始对这个罕见的事件进行思考。到目前为止我的结论：

随机机器人？
人们等待太久才发送表单以致它在服务器上过期？

这种误报拒绝还有其他原因吗？

请不要解释什么是 CSRF ;-)

这里有一些日志...

F, [2016-12-06T16:03:59.050673 #15136] FATAL -- : 
ActionController::InvalidAuthenticityToken (ActionController::InvalidAuthenticityToken):
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_controller/metal/request_forgery_protection.rb:181:in `handle_unverified_request'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_controller/metal/request_forgery_protection.rb:209:in `handle_unverified_request'
  devise (4.2.0) lib/devise/controllers/helpers.rb:253:in `handle_unverified_request'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_controller/metal/request_forgery_protection.rb:204:in `verify_authenticity_token'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:432:in `block in make_lambda'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:164:in `block in halting'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:504:in `block in call'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:504:in `each'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:504:in `call'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:92:in `__run_callbacks__'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:778:in `_run_process_action_callbacks'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:19:in `process_action'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:29:in `process_action'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:32:in `block in process_action'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `block in instrument'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `instrument'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `process_action'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:250:in `process_action'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:137:in `process'
  actionview (4.2.7) lib/action_view/rendering.rb:30:in `process'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:196:in `dispatch'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_controller/metal/rack_delegation.rb:13:in `dispatch'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:237:in `block in action'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:74:in `dispatch'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:43:in `serve'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb:49:in `serve'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:43:in `block in serve'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:30:in `each'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:30:in `serve'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:817:in `call'
  turnout (2.3.1) lib/rack/turnout.rb:25:in `call'
  omniauth (1.3.1) lib/omniauth/strategy.rb:186:in `call!'
  omniauth (1.3.1) lib/omniauth/strategy.rb:164:in `call'
  omniauth (1.3.1) lib/omniauth/strategy.rb:186:in `call!'
  omniauth (1.3.1) lib/omniauth/strategy.rb:164:in `call'
  rack-attack (4.4.1) lib/rack/attack.rb:107:in `call'
  exception_notification (4.2.1) lib/exception_notification/rack.rb:32:in `call'
  warden (1.2.6) lib/warden/manager.rb:35:in `block in call'
  warden (1.2.6) lib/warden/manager.rb:34:in `catch'
  warden (1.2.6) lib/warden/manager.rb:34:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/etag.rb:24:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/conditionalget.rb:38:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/head.rb:13:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb:27:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb:260:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:225:in `context'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:220:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:560:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:29:in `block in call'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:88:in `__run_callbacks__'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:778:in `_run_call_callbacks'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:27:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:78:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:17:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:30:in `call'
  railties (4.2.7) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:38:in `call_app'
  railties (4.2.7) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `block in call'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `block in tagged'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `tagged'
  railties (4.2.7) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `call'
  ahoy_matey (1.4.2) lib/ahoy/engine.rb:22:in `call_with_quiet_ahoy'
  request_store (1.3.1) lib/request_store/middleware.rb:9:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:21:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:22:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/runtime.rb:18:in `call'
  activesupport (4.2.7) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb:28:in `call'
  rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/sendfile.rb:113:in `call'
  actionpack (4.2.7) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/ssl.rb:24:in `call'
  railties (4.2.7) lib/rails/engine.rb:518:in `call'
  railties (4.2.7) lib/rails/application.rb:165:in `call'
  /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/rack/thread_handler_extension.rb:97:in `process_request'
  /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/request_handler/thread_handler.rb:160:in `accept_and_process_next_request'
  /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/request_handler/thread_handler.rb:113:in `main_loop'
  /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/request_handler.rb:416:in `block (3 levels) in start_threads'
  /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/utils.rb:113:in `block in create_thread_and_abort_on_exception'

【问题讨论】：

有多种原因。这个问题解释了一个stackoverflow.com/questions/39055480/…
@slowjack2k 链接的问题似乎是一个严重的问题。但我对此的观察非常罕见。所以我想这更像是一个时间和缓存问题，如github.com/rails/rails/issues/21948 所述
我很好奇，你发现了吗？我也看到了一些偶尔出现的错误，我正在进一步挖掘它。
不，抱歉，我没有时间更详细地调查它，它在生产中似乎也不是问题。到目前为止，没有人抱怨过这一点。
有任何来自您的服务器的日志，以便提供一些详细信息/上下文以了解发生的情况/时间？

标签： ruby-on-rails csrf csrf-protection

【解决方案1】：

关于解决方案，我同意 Dorian。

如果您正在寻找原因，我相当肯定 this issue report in rails github 是正确的，尤其是这个小部分：

# 浏览器退出，清除会话 cookie

# 浏览器重新打开，从缓存中重新加载页面而不做请求

这尤其正确，因为默认 Rails 使用 turbolinks 鼓励缓存（如果我记得的话，默认情况下是 10 页）。

另一种可能被复制的方法是让用户加载您的 DOM（以及您的 cookie/会话）然后让他们通过浏览器管理工具手动销毁他们的会话或 cookie（例如：铬：//设置）。这也应该会重现错误，因为您将在表单中拥有 csrf 的隐藏标签，但没有会话 cookie...而且您需要两者。

【讨论】：

谢谢，我想可能是这样。
@MarkusGraf 我很想知道这是否真的是问题所在。您对测试该问题有任何反馈吗？

【解决方案2】：

您可能应该在生产环境中使会话为空，而不是引发异常：

在您ApplicationController（或您关心的任何控制器）中添加：

protect_from_forgery with: :null_session

如果您真的对此感到担心，我的建议是例如将错误记录到 Bugsnag，这样您就可以查看请求并了解它发生的原因。

【讨论】：