在 PHP 中搜索给定数组的部分查询

Question

我正在尝试编写一个 php 函数来显示给定部分 ID 查询的人。我目前的代码可以接受对 ID 的完全查询，但无法找到一种方法来操作我的代码以返回部分字符串的值。

代码

function display_person($id) {
    global $people;
    if(array_key_exists($id, $people)) {
        header('Content-type: application/json');
        echo json_encode($people[$id]);
    } else {
        header('HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found');
    }
}

数组

$people = array(
'jjones' => array(
    'firstName' => 'Jim', 
    'lastName' => 'Jones', 
    'age' => 20, 
    'major' => 'Computer Science', 
    'phone' => '212-460-9393', 
    'email' => 'jjones@miamioh.edu', 
    'state' => 'OH'
),
'asmith' => array(
    'firstName' => 'April', 
    'lastName' => 'Smith', 
    'age' => 19, 
    'major' => 'Mechanical Engineering', 
    'phone' => '913-939-3929', 
    'email' => 'asmith@miamioh.edu', 
    'state' => 'WY'
),
'pstemple' => array(
    'firstName' => 'Pat', 
    'lastName' => 'Stemple', 
    'age' => 21, 'major' => 
    'Theater Performance', 
    'phone' => '917-222-2232', 
    'email' => 'pstemple@miamioh.edu', 
    'state' => 'NY'
),
'jjones1' => array(
    'firstName' => 'Janet', 
    'lastName' => 'Jones', 
    'age' => 22, 
    'major' => 'Botany', 
    'phone' => '817-332-9392', 
    'email' => 'jjones1@miamioh.edu', 
    'state' => 'CA'
),
'llerner' => array(
    'firstName' => 'Leon', 
    'lastName' => 'Lerner', 
    'age' => 18, 
    'major' => 'Biology', 
    'phone' => '315-444-3494', 
    'email' => 'llerner@miamioh.edu', 
    'state' => 'OH'
),
'mmeyer' => array(
    'firstName' => 'Margret', 
    'lastName' => 'Meyer', 
    'age' => 24, 
    'major' => 'Interactive Media Studies', 
    'phone' => '219-333-0303', 
    'email' => 'mmeyer@miamioh.edu', 
    'state' => 'OH'
),
'achaudhry' => array(
    'firstName' => 'Anik', 
    'lastName' => 'Chaudhry', 
    'age' => 19, 
    'major' => 'Management Information Systems', 
    'phone' => '914-555-5555', 
    'email' => 'achaudhry@miamioh.edu', 
    'state' => 'NY'
),
'sdogg' => array(
    'firstName' => 'Snoop', 
    'lastName' => 'Dogg', 
    'age' => 42, 
    'major' => 'Botany', 
    'phone' => '414-333-2433', 
    'email' => 'sdogg@miamioh.edu', 
    'state' => 'CA'
),
'bclinton' => array(
    'firstName' => 'Bill', 
    'lastName' => 'Clinton', 
    'age' => 25, 
    'major' => 'Political Science', 
    'phone' => '933-440-3033', 
    'email' => 'bclinton@miamioh.edu', 
    'state' => 'AK'
)
);

Answer 1

如果您只想提供 1 个输出，您可以将代码稍微修改为：

function display_person($query) {
global $people;

$foundid = false;
foreach ($people as $k => $v)
    if (stripos($k, $query) !== false)
    {
        $foundid = $k;
        break;
    }

if($foundid !== false) {
    header('Content-type: application/json');
    echo json_encode($people[$foundid]);
} else {
    header('HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found');
}
}

另一种方法是找到所有可能的变体（为此您需要临时数组）

function display_person($query) {
global $people;

$foundid = array();
foreach ($people as $k => $v)
    if (stripos($k, $query) !== false)
    {
        $foundid[$k] = $v;
    }

if(count($foundid) > 0) {
    header('Content-type: application/json');
    echo json_encode($foundid); // NOTE: you need to change your JS code to accept array instead of 1 person
} else {
    header('HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found');
}
}

另外，我建议你检查一下 $query 是否足够长，通常是 3+ 个符号

Answer 2

以similar_text() 为例...

解释：

为匹配项之间的相似性设置一个百分比为 80，这些匹配的字符串将被添加到 $sim 数组中。然后你可以json_encode()它终于了。

代码...

function display_person_new($id,$people) {
    $arr = array_keys($people);
    foreach($arr as $v)
    {
        similar_text($id,$v,$percent);
        if($percent>80)
        {
            $sim[$v]=$people[$v];
        }
    }
    if(!empty($sim))
    {
    header('Content-type: application/json');
    echo json_encode($sim,JSON_PRETTY_PRINT);
    } else { header('HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found'); }
}

display_person_new('jjone',$people);

OUTPUT :

{
    "jjones": {
        "firstName": "Jim",
        "lastName": "Jones",
        "age": 20,
        "major": "Computer Science",
        "phone": "212-460-9393",
        "email": "jjones@miamioh.edu",
        "state": "OH"
    },
    "jjones1": {
        "firstName": "Janet",
        "lastName": "Jones",
        "age": 22,
        "major": "Botany",
        "phone": "817-332-9392",
        "email": "jjones1@miamioh.edu",
        "state": "CA"
    }
}

Answer 3

首先，创建一个匹配键的数组。例如

$matchingIds = array_filter(array_keys($people), function($pid) use ($id) {
    // perform a case insensitive search for $id in $pid
    return stripos($pid, $id) !== false;
});

然后，将此数组与您的 $people 键相交

$matches = array_intersect_key($people, array_flip($matchingIds));
// array_flip allows us to flip the matching ID values into keys
// so we can intersect with the $people keys

if (count($matches)) {
    header('Content-type: application/json');
    echo json_encode($matches);
} else {
    http_response_code(404);
    echo 'No matches found';
}

最后，我将取消 global 变量。使用它们会使测试变得困难并增加对全局状态的依赖（这很糟糕）。相反，在调用时将$people 数组注入到函数中

function display_person($id, array $people) {
    ...
}

Answer 4

function display_person($id)
{
    global $people;

    foreach ($people as $key => $value)
    {
        if (strpos($key, $id) === 0)
        {
            header('Content-type: application/json');
            echo json_encode($people[$key]) . "<br>";
        } else
        {
            header('HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found');
        }
    }
}