Oracle SQL 数据库错误：“此列列表没有匹配的唯一键或主键”

Question

我正在尝试在 Oracle sql developer 中建立一个数据库，我有这 3 个表。 我需要表“GuyAddress”有 3 个主键，它们也是外键。这就是我遇到一个我无法理解的错误的地方。

CREATE TABLE Guy
( 
    id NUMBER(10)   PRIMARY KEY, 
    name            VARCHAR(50)
);

CREATE TABLE Address
(
    zipcode         VARCHAR(6),
    "number"        NUMBER(10),
    CONSTRAINT PK_Address PRIMARY KEY(zipcode, "number")
);

CREATE TABLE GuyAddress
(
    Guy_id          NUMBER(10),
    Address_zipcode VARCHAR(6),
    Address_number  NUMBER(10),
    CONSTRAINT FK_GuyAddress_Guy_id FOREIGN KEY(Guy_id) REFERENCES Guy(id),
    CONSTRAINT FK_GuyAddress_Address_zipcode FOREIGN KEY(Address_zipcode) REFERENCES Address(zipcode),
    CONSTRAINT FK_GuyAddress_Address_number FOREIGN KEY(Address_number) REFERENCES Address("number"),
    CONSTRAINT PK_GuyAddress PRIMARY KEY(Guy_id, Address_zipcode, Address_number)
);

这是错误，希望有人能发现我犯的错误，因为我不能...

Error starting at line : 18 in command -
CREATE TABLE "GuyAddress"
  (
    Guy_id          NUMBER(10),
    Address_zipcode VARCHAR(6),
    Address_number  NUMBER(10),
    CONSTRAINT FK_GuyAddress_Guy_id FOREIGN KEY(Guy_id) REFERENCES Guy(id),
    CONSTRAINT FK_GuyAddress_Address_zipcode FOREIGN KEY(Address_zipcode) REFERENCES Address(zipcode),
    CONSTRAINT FK_GuyAddress_Address_number FOREIGN KEY(Address_number) REFERENCES Address("number"),
    CONSTRAINT PK_GuyAddress PRIMARY KEY(Guy_id, Address_zipcode, Address_number)
  )
Error report -
SQL Error: ORA-02270: no matching unique or primary key for this column-list
02270. 00000 -  "no matching unique or primary key for this column-list"
*Cause:    A REFERENCES clause in a CREATE/ALTER TABLE statement
           gives a column-list for which there is no matching unique or primary
           key constraint in the referenced table.
*Action:   Find the correct column names using the ALL_CONS_COLUMNS
           catalog view

谢谢！

Answer 1

对于被引用表的主键中的每一列，您不需要单独的外键 - 您可以在一个外键中有多个列，例如：

CREATE TABLE Guy
( 
    id NUMBER(10)   PRIMARY KEY, 
    name            VARCHAR(50)
);

CREATE TABLE Address
(
    zipcode         VARCHAR(6),
    address_number  NUMBER(10),
    CONSTRAINT PK_Address PRIMARY KEY(zipcode, address_number)
);

CREATE TABLE GuyAddress
(
    Guy_id          NUMBER(10),
    Address_zipcode VARCHAR(6),
    Address_number  NUMBER(10),
    CONSTRAINT FK_GuyAddress_Guy_id FOREIGN KEY(Guy_id) REFERENCES Guy(id),
    CONSTRAINT FK_GuyAddress_Address FOREIGN KEY(Address_zipcode, Address_number) REFERENCES Address(zipcode,address_number),
    CONSTRAINT PK_GuyAddress PRIMARY KEY(Guy_id, Address_zipcode, Address_number)
);

请注意，我已将您的 address.number 列更新为 address.address_number，因为不建议您使用基于关键字的列。也不建议使用双引号来解决这个问题（并强制区分大小写）；您必须记住每次引用该列时都使用它们！

顺便说一句，我假设您的address 表还有其他列？因为就目前而言，地址表是没有意义的，可以跳过！