访问对象内键的值答案

【问题标题】：Accessing value of key inside object访问对象内键的值
【发布时间】：2015-10-16 01:50:10
【问题描述】：

我知道有一些与此非常相似的问题，但我似乎无法解决任何问题。

为了简洁起见，我将对此进行总结。我有这个构造函数，字符串被分配为键的值（赋值）。

var Quote = function() {
  this.quote1 = 'You can discover more about a person in an hour of play than in a year of conversation.';
  this.quote2 = 'Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind.';
  this.quote3 = 'We have to fight them daily, like fleas, those many small worries about the morrow, for they sap our energies.';
  this.quote4 = 'Ethics are so annoying. I avoid them on principle.';
  this.quote5 = "Never trust anything that can think for itself if you can't see where it keeps its brain.";
};

module.exports = Quote;

使用 AJAX，我将构造函数内的键值打印到静态页面。但是...我只成功打印了“quote1”、“quote2”等...（只是键的名称）。

这就是我访问构造函数的函数的样子。我的问题是：如何访问分配给构造函数内键的字符串值？这可能吗？

提前谢谢你。

module.exports = function(object) {
  var propArray = Object.keys(object);
  var randomProp = propArray[Math.floor(Math.random() * propArray.length)];
  return {quote: randomProp};
};

【问题讨论】：

标签： javascript function constructor key

【解决方案1】：

在你的函数中，你应该可以使用这个键来访问引用：

object[randomProp]

在 JavaScript 中，可以使用方括号表示法访问对象属性。见https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_Objects。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

如您所料，您的代码有几处问题：)

我已经用相当彻底的 cmets 重写了它。

<script>

// create your 'Quote' class, which can be instantiated as many times as necessary
var Quote = function() {
    this.quote1 = 'You can discover more about a person in an hour of play than in a year of conversation.';
    this.quote2 = 'Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind.';
    this.quote3 = 'We have to fight them daily, like fleas, those many small worries about the morrow, for they sap our energies.';
    this.quote4 = 'Ethics are so annoying. I avoid them on principle.';
    this.quote5 = "Never trust anything that can think for itself if you can't see where it keeps its brain.";
};

// now let's set up the 'exports' method on the function's prototype
// this will allow any new instance of the Quote function to call or override this method
// without affecting the master 'Quote' class
Quote.prototype.exports = function() {
    // you don't need to explicitly pass an object to this function
    // just have it reference itself using the 'this' keyword
    var propArray = Object.keys(this);
    var randomProp = propArray[Math.floor(Math.random() * propArray.length)];

    // objects in JavaScript can be handled like associative arrays
    // simply access the key of 'this' with the value provided by 'randomProp'
    return {quote: this[randomProp]};
};

// create a new instance of 'Quote'
// this guy can be used and manipulated independent of the master 'Quote' class
var module = new Quote();
// let's store the value returned by 'exports' in randomQuote
// note the () at the end of module.exports -- this tells JavaScript to treat the object as a function
var randomQuote = module.exports();

// write your quote to the document -- or do whatever else you want to with it at this point
document.write(randomQuote.quote);

</script>

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

您应该使用return object[randomProp]，而不是return { quote: randomProp }。

您可以通过点表示法或方括号表示法访问对象属性。

这是一个来自 jsbin 的例子 https://jsbin.com/yopeli/edit?js,console

【讨论】：