对javascript中的“this”语句挠头。任何人请帮忙答案

【问题标题】：scratching my head over "this" statement in javascript. anyone help please对javascript中的“this”语句挠头。任何人请帮忙
【发布时间】：2011-03-09 20:59:48
【问题描述】：

好吧，经过一天后，我设法将问题缩小到 2 行代码。也许我试图错误地使用这个语句。

        function scheduleItemView(myId){
            this.update = function(show){
                document.getElementById(this.id+'-title').innerHTML = show.title +": "+ show.startDate;
                document.getElementById(this.id+'-title-overlay').innerHTML = show.title +": "+ show.startDate;
                document.getElementById(this.id+'-description').innerHTML = truncate(show.description,190);
                document.getElementById(this.id+'-time-start').innerHTML = show.startTime;
                document.getElementById(this.id+'-time-end').innerHTML = show.endTime;
            };
            this.id=myId;
            return true;
        }

        function nowNextView(){
            this.now = new scheduleItemView('now');
            this.next = new scheduleItemView('next');
            this.update = function(type,args){
                var myshow=args[0];

    // problem is below. I have to use the global name to access the update method.   
                    myNowNextView.now.update(myshow.now);
                    myNowNextView.next.update(myshow.next);

    // whereas what I want to do is reference them using the "this" command like below.
    //  this.now.update(myshow.now);
    //  this.next.update(myshow.next);
    // the above doesnt work. The update method in scheduleItemView is not seen unless referenced globally
    // BUT even more infuriating, this.now.id does return "now" so it can access the object, just not the method
    // any ideas?

            };
         }

然后用

实例化对象

var myNowNextView = new nowNextView();

然后我运行方法：

myNowNextView.update(stuff);

我试图在程序主体中描述问题。代码中没有抛出任何错误，我不得不在它勉强告诉我它找不到方法之前做一个 try/catch。设计是否存在某种缺陷？我不能这样做吗？提前谢谢了，史蒂夫

【问题讨论】：

实际上它看起来应该可以工作。如果你调用myNowNextView.update()，那么this里面的update将引用myNowNextView。

标签： javascript this javascript-objects

【解决方案1】：

function scheduleItemView(myId){
this.update = function(show){
  document.getElementById(this.id+'-title').innerHTML = show.title +": "+ show.startDate;
  document.getElementById(this.id+'-title-overlay').innerHTML = show.title +": "+ show.startDate;
  document.getElementById(this.id+'-description').innerHTML = truncate(show.description,190);
  document.getElementById(this.id+'-time-start').innerHTML = show.startTime;
  document.getElementById(this.id+'-time-end').innerHTML = show.endTime;
};
this.id=myId;
}

function nowNextView(){
var myshow=args[0];
var scope = this;
this.now = new scheduleItemView('now');
this.next = new scheduleItemView('next');
this.update = function(type,args){
      scope.now.update(myshow.now);
      scope.next.update(myshow.next);
};
}

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

我认为你真的可以从学习 javascript 中的闭包中受益。您似乎正在尝试将传统的 OO 方法应用于 js 对象，但这不会给您带来预期的结果。

我建议阅读这篇文章，了解使用闭包的简单方法： http://howtonode.org/why-use-closure

类似这样的：

<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript"> 

  function createScheduleItemView(myId){

    var _show = false

    return {
        setShow : function setShow(show) {
            _show = show
        }, 
        update : function update(){
            document.getElementById( myId +'-title').innerHTML = _show.title;

        }
      }

   }

   function createNowNextView(){

       var _now  = createScheduleItemView('now');
       var _next = createScheduleItemView('next');

       return { 
            publicVar : "Example",
            update : function update(args) {
                var myshow=args[0];
                _now.setShow(myshow.now)
                _now.update();
                _next.setShow(myshow.next)
                _next.update();
            }

        };
     }

   function runIt() {
        nowNextView = createNowNextView()
        args = []
        showArgs = {
            now : {title : "Beauty and the Beast"},
            next : {title: "I did it myyyyyy way"}
        }
        args.push(showArgs)
        nowNextView.update(args)

        //Private variables can not be accessed
        //console.log(nowNextView._now)
        //undefined
        //
        //But anything you return in the object is public
        //console.log(nowNextView.publicVar)
        //Example

   }


</script>
</head>
<body onload="runIt()">

<h3>Now Showing:</h3>
<p id="now-title"></p>

<h3>Up Next:</h3>
<p id="next-title"></p>

 </body>
 </html>

【讨论】：

也可以查看完整的讨论：howtonode.org/what-is-this 和 stackoverflow.com/questions/1595611/…