如何使用 R 中的 lapply 将 y 轴标签从 R 图中移开答案

【问题标题】：How to move y-axis labels away from R plot using lapply in R如何使用 R 中的 lapply 将 y 轴标签从 R 图中移开
【发布时间】：2020-03-22 22:38:39
【问题描述】：

我有以下代码（感谢@Rawr 在this question 中的回答）：

labes1 <- c("P(LNG)","","Volume(LNG)","","P(oil)","","Can.GDP","","US GDP","")
titles <- c("Levels","","","","","Log Difference","","","","")

par(mfrow = c(5, 2), mar = c(0.3, 6, 0, 2), oma = c(5, 0, 3, 2))
lapply(1:10, function(ii) {
  x <- plotdata1[, ii, drop = FALSE]
  plot(x, xlab = "Quarter", ylab = labes1[ii], axes = FALSE)
  axis(2, las = 1)
  box()
  if (ii %in% 9:10) {
    axis(1)
    title(xlab = 'Quarter', xpd = NA)
  }
  if (ii %in% 1:2)
    title(main = c('Levels', 'Log Difference')[ii], xpd = NA, line = 1)
})

这会产生以下情节：

明显的问题是 y 轴标签与 y 轴值重叠。我尝试过使用mar() 和oma()，但这些只是改变了周围的边距，我希望这能把事情排除在外。如何将 y 轴标签与绘图分开移动？我还将稍微移动边距，以便两列图之间的空白更靠近。

【问题讨论】：

地块之间的列中似乎有更多空间。试试c("", "P(LNG)","","Volume(LNG)","","P(oil)","","Can.GDP","","US GDP")。
另一种选择是重新缩放 y 轴上的变量，使它们落在一个不错的范围内（例如 0-20），然后在标签中添加适当的单位.例如，将美国 GDP 除以 1,000,000，然后标签将是“美国 GDP (x1,000,000)”。 y 轴刻度标签将是 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0。
另一个选项是使用layout 函数，它允许更多地控制多面板绘图的绘图尺寸。与par(mar=...) 不同，您可以通过更复杂的方式改变边距。

标签： r plot lapply

【解决方案1】：

您可以单独定义 ylab，就像您为 xlab 所做的那样，并设置 line 参数以定义其与绘图的距离 (as stated in this post)。

我通过结合您的代码和您之前问题中的@rawr 得到了一个运行示例。

set.seed(1)
z <- ts(matrix(rt(200 * 10, df = 3), 200, 10), start = c(1961, 1), frequency = 12) 
z <- z * 1e5 # to make "wide" y-axis labels

## vectors of x, y, and main labels
xl <- sprintf('x label %s', 1:10)
yl <- sprintf('y label %s', 1:10)
ml <- sprintf('main label %s', 1:10)


labes1 <- c("P(LNG)","","Volume(LNG)","","P(oil)","","Can.GDP","","US GDP","")
titles <- c("Levels","","","","","Log Difference","","","","")

par(mfrow = c(5, 2), mar = c(0.3, 6, 0, 2), oma = c(5, 0, 3, 2))
lapply(1:10, function(ii) {
  x <- z[, ii, drop = FALSE]
  plot(x, xlab = "Quarter", ylab = "", axes = FALSE) # set ylab to ""
  axis(2, las = 1)
  title(ylab = labes1[ii], line = 4) # set the line at an appropriate distance 
  box()
  if (ii %in% 9:10) {
    axis(1)
    title(xlab = 'Quarter', xpd = NA)
  }
  if (ii %in% 1:2)
    title(main = c('Levels', 'Log Difference')[ii], xpd = NA, line = 1)
})

上面的代码为line = 4 输出以下图表：

line = 3 的这个情节：

【讨论】：