当日期列不存在时绘制时间序列数据

Question

我有以下数据：

set.seed(12)
df <- rnorm(1260, 0.06, 0.2)

这些是 5 年的每日回报（1 年 = 252 个工作日），我想做的是在 x 轴上绘制一个带有月份的折线图。基本上，我会让序列 Jan:Dec 在 x 轴上重复五次，21 天是一个月。

我所做的如下：

1. 创建一列，月份 jan-dec 重复 5 次

date <- c("Jan", "Feb", "Mär", "Apr", "Mai", "Jun", 
          "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Okt", "Nov", "Dez")
date <- rep(date, 5)

1. 画图

df %>%
       ggplot(aes(x = date, y = return)) +
       geom_line() +
       labs(title = "Stock return Chart", y = "return", x = "date")

不幸的是，我收到以下错误：

 Error: Aesthetics must be either length 1 or the same as the data (1260): x 

Answer 1

library(tidyverse)

df %>%
    as.data.frame() %>%
    rename(price = 1) %>% 
    mutate(rnames = rownames(.)) %>% 
    ggplot(aes(x = as.numeric(rnames), y = price, 
                group = rep(1:5, times=1, each=252))) +
      geom_line() +
      labs(title = "Stock Price Chart", y = "Price", x = "date") +
      scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(1, 1260, by = 21), labels = date)

^{由reprex package (v0.3.0) 于 2019 年 5 月 27 日创建}

Answer 2

试试这个：

price <- rnorm(1260, 0.06, 0.2)

date.base <- c("Jan", "Feb", "Mär", "Apr", "Mai", "Jun", 
          "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Okt", "Nov", "Dez")
date <- rep(date.base, 5)

data.frame(date=factor(date, ordered=TRUE, levels=date.base), price=price) %>%
  ggplot(aes(x = date, y = price)) +
  geom_line() +
  labs(title = "Stock Price Chart", y = "Price", x = "date")