javascript字符串替换所有出现的数组值

Question

我想替换所有出现的字符串，但问题是我有一个删除单词数组和删除单词值。

例如：

var string = "this is a string to replace. This string should be replaced using javascript";

var replaceArray = ["this","is","string","should","javascript"];

var replaceArrayValue = ["There","are","strings","have to","node.js"];

for (var i = replaceArray.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {

    var finalAns = string.replace(replaceArray[i],replaceArrayValue[i]);
}

我期待类似的东西

There are strings to replace. There strings have to be replaced using node.js

我找到了一些解决方案，其中我得到了最好的解决方案here。 但我不能使用/string/g 中的字符串。我必须使用replaceArray[i]

Answer 1

如果您更喜欢修复您的方法，您可以使用RegExp 构造函数来构建带有变量的动态正则表达式，并确保您只匹配包含单词边界的模式的整个单词。不要忘记转义文字模式，并在循环之前声明 finalAns 并使用 string var 内容进行初始化。

var string = "this is string to replace. this string should replace using javascript";
var replaceArray = ["this","is","string","should","javascript"];
var replaceArrayValue = ["There","are","strings","have to","node.js"];
var finalAns = string;
for (var i = replaceArray.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
    finalAns = finalAns.replace(RegExp("\\b" + replaceArray[i].replace(/[-\/\\^$*+?.()|[\]{}]/g, '\\$&') + "\\b", "g"), replaceArrayValue[i]);
}
console.log(finalAns);

请注意，Roman's approach 使用单个静态正则表达式似乎对当前任务最有效（无需每次都动态构建正则表达式）。

Answer 2

替换函数使用以下方法：

var string = "this is string to replace. this string should replace using javascript",
    replaced = string.replace(/\b\w+\b/g, function ($m) {
        var search = ["this","is","string","should","javascript"],
            replacement = ["There","are","strings","have to","node.js"],
            key = search.indexOf($m);

        return (key !== -1)? replacement[key] : $m;
    });

console.log(replaced);

来自“高性能 JavaScript”（作者 Nicholas Zakas）：

"... 关于超出范围的变量：存储任何经常使用的变量 局部变量中的范围外变量，然后访问本地 直接变量。”

Answer 3

没有正则表达式

只能在循环中设置变量 string =finalAns; 。因为每次循环设置旧字符串都会发生问题，

var string = "this is string to replace. this string should replace using javascript";

var replaceArray = ["this","is","string","should","javascript"];

var replaceArrayValue = ["There","are","strings","have to","node.js"];
alert(replaceArray.length);
for (var i = replaceArray.length - 1 ; i >= 0; i--) {

    var finalAns = string.replace(replaceArray[i],replaceArrayValue[i]);
    string =finalAns;
}
alert(finalAns);

片段示例

var string = "this is string to replace. this string should replace using javascript";

var replaceArray = ["this","is","string","should","javascript"];

var replaceArrayValue = ["There","are","strings","have to","node.js"];

for (var i = replaceArray.length - 1 ; i >= 0; i--) {

    var finalAns = string.replace(replaceArray[i],replaceArrayValue[i]);
    string =finalAns;
}
alert(finalAns);

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

Answer 4

我使用声明性方法得出了一个解决方案：

const string = 'boo and Boo2'
const dictionary = { boo: 'faa', boo2: 'faa2' }
return string.split(' ')
  .map(word => dictionary[word.toLowerCase()] ?? word)
  .join(' ')
// 'faa and faa2'

Answer 5

format 方法用于用给定数组的顺序替换所有出现的位置。

formatAll 方法用于将所有第一次出现的单词替换为给定数组的顺序（在问题中要求）

String.prototype.format = function (_key, _data) {
  return this.split(_key).map(function (value, index) { return _data[index] ? value + _data[index] : (value ? value : '') }).join("");
}

String.prototype.formatAll = function (_keys, _data) {
  let shift = () => { _keys.shift(); return _data.shift() }
  return this.split(/\s+/).map(function (value) { return value == _keys[0] ? shift() : value }).join(" ")
}

"path/of/0/object/s/0/feature".format(0, [10,22])
//outputs
'path/of/10/object/s/22/feature'

"this is a string to replace. This string should be replaced using javascript".formatAll(["this","is","string","should","javascript"],["There","are","strings","have to","node.js"])
//outputs
'There are a strings to replace. This string have to be replaced using node.js'

"Merhaba dünya! Merhaba ay!".formatAll(["Merhaba"], ["Hello"])
//outputs
'Hello dünya! Merhaba ay!'

"Merhaba dünya! Merhaba ay!".formatAll(["Merhaba", "Merhaba"], ["Hello", "Selam"])
//outputs
'Hello dünya! Selam ay!'