使用 python 2.7 在 ubuntu 上为 anaconda 安装 Caffe 失败，找不到 libpng16.so.16

Question

所以我已经用 python 2.7 安装了 anaconda 并安装了 Caffe 库的所有要求。我确保 opencv 是由

安装的

import cv2

并检查我是否可以运行文档中的几个示例。

现在我下载 caffe，正确配置 makefile.config 并运行 make all。我收到非常奇怪的错误：

make
CXX/LD -o .build_release/tools/upgrade_net_proto_text.bin
/usr/bin/ld: warning: libpng16.so.16, needed by /home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so, not found (try using -rpath or -rpath-link)
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_create_read_struct@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_interlace_handling@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_IHDR@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_get_io_ptr@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_longjmp_fn@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_gray_to_rgb@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_compression_level@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_bgr@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_filter@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_rgb_to_gray@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_init_io@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_destroy_read_struct@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_swap@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_get_IHDR@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_palette_to_rgb@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_compression_strategy@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_get_tRNS@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_write_info@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_packing@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_read_fn@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_create_info_struct@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_read_end@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_read_update_info@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_write_image@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_write_end@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_expand_gray_1_2_4_to_8@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_create_write_struct@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_read_image@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_read_info@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_strip_alpha@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_write_fn@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_destroy_write_struct@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_error@PNG16_0'
/home/maxkhk/anaconda/lib/libopencv_highgui.so: undefined reference to `png_set_strip_16@PNG16_0'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Makefile:560: recipe for target '.build_release/tools/upgrade_net_proto_text.bin' failed
make: *** [.build_release/tools/upgrade_net_proto_text.bin] Error 1

那家伙怎么了？请注意，我最初有 anaconda3 并为它编译了 caffe，但成功但我在 python3 下遇到了很多关于 caffe 的问题，所以我不得不删除它并尝试使用 python 2.7 为 anaconda 设置它。

当然我已经确保 libpng16.so.16 在 anaconda 中：

maxkhk@maxkhk-X550DP:~/anaconda$ find -name libpng16.so.16
./pkgs/libpng-1.6.17-0/lib/libpng16.so.16
./lib/libpng16.so.16
maxkhk@maxkhk-X550DP:~/anaconda$ 

我用谷歌搜索了错误，但没有找到任何与 caffe 相关的内容。

Answer 1

我遇到了同样的问题，我通过在我的 Makefile.config 中添加 -rpath 来解决它：

LINKFLAGS := -Wl,-rpath,$(HOME)/anaconda/lib

我认为这是正确的解决方法，因为它 (-rpath) 告诉 GCC 在哪里可以找到其他库（在本例中为 opencv）所依赖的库（libjpeg、libpng）。

Answer 2

根据@cel 的建议 -

ldd libopencv_highgui.so 

显示此库所依赖的文件。其中几个（不是 libpng！）位于我没有包含在 makefile.config 中的文件夹中。将他们的文件夹包含到 MakeFile 构建成功后。注意：在构建 caffe 之后，您可能不会在 Spyder 中进入 PythonPath 管理器并将 caffe 的文件夹添加到其中（或者如果您不使用 anaconda\spyder，则只需将其包含到 pythonpath 中）。

Answer 3

添加

LINKFLAGS := -Wl,-rpath,$(HOME)/anaconda/lib

在 Makefile.config 中工作。