Pyinstaller with scipy.signal ImportError: DLL load failed

Question

使用 PyInstaller 3.3、Python 3.4 我编译了一个需要使用 scipy.signal.periodogram() 函数的程序，它导致 .exe 在启动时立即崩溃。我一直在寻找堆栈溢出和其他站点的方法来尝试包含正确的 DLL，但无济于事。请帮我弄清楚我是否需​​要在我的 .spec 文件中包含一些特定的 DLL 或包含其他一些隐藏的导入！

这是我的 PyInstaller 命令：

pyinstaller --noupx --hidden-import=tkinter --hidden-import=scipy --hidden-import=matplotlib constantG_constantHz.py

这是启动我的 exe 后命令提示符出现的相应错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "constantG_constantHz.py", line 16, in <module>

  File "C:\Users\esandberg\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\py34\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 631, in exec_module
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)

  File "site-packages\scipy\signal\__init__.py", line 304, in <module>

  File "C:\Users\esandberg\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\py34\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 631, in exec_module
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)

  File "site-packages\scipy\signal\bsplines.py", line 12, in <module>

  File "C:\Users\esandberg\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\py34\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 631, in exec_module
    exec(bytecode, module.__dict__)

  File "site-packages\scipy\special\__init__.py", line 640, in <module>

  File "C:\Users\esandberg\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\py34\lib\site-packages\PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 714, in load_module
    module = loader.load_module(fullname)

ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

[1272] Failed to execute script constantG_constantHz

这是我的 .spec 文件：

# -*- mode: python -*-

block_cipher = None


a = Analysis(['constantG_constantHz.py'],
             pathex=['C:\\Users\\esandberg\\Desktop'],
             binaries=[],
             datas=[],
             hiddenimports=['tkinter', 'scipy', 'matplotlib'],
             hookspath=[],
             runtime_hooks=[],
             excludes=[],
             win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
             win_private_assemblies=False,
             cipher=block_cipher)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
             cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          exclude_binaries=True,
          name='constantG_constantHz',
          debug=False,
          strip=False,
          upx=False,
          console=True )
coll = COLLECT(exe,
               a.binaries,
               a.zipfiles,
               a.datas,
               strip=False,
               upx=False,
               name='constantG_constantHz')

Answer 1

我已经尝试过这些方法，但并没有解决我的问题。最后，我通过这种方式解决了。

在命令（cmd）窗口中编译可执行文件（exe）时，我的命令是这样写的：

pyinstaller -F --paths C:\Users\Desktop\Code\2018.04.23\venv\Lib\site-packages\scipy\extra-dll pdf_num_detect.py

希望这些小技巧可以帮助到大家。

Answer 2

问题是缺少很多 dll。 PyInstaller 在查找大多数 Scipy 的 dll 时遇到问题，所以我不得不指定其中的一大堆。我将在下面发布我的 .spec 文件，以防其他人想要查看/复制我必须引入的 dll。有些东西可能不是必需的，但它有效，所以我不会搞砸它。确保您指向系统的正确目录 - 它与我的不同，所以不要只是复制/粘贴:)

# -*- mode: python -*-

block_cipher = None

mkl_dlls =     [('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_avx.dll', '.'),
     ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_avx2.dll', '.'),
     ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_avx512.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_core.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_def.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_intel_thread.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_mc.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_mc3.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_rt.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_sequential.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_tbb_thread.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_vml_avx.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_vml_avx2.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_vml_avx512.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_vml_cmpt.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_vml_def.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_vml_mc.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_vml_mc2.dll', '.'),
 ('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\mkl_vml_mc3.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\numpy\\core\\libiomp5md.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libansari.R6EA3HQP5KZ6TAXU4Y4ZVTRPT7UVA53Z.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libbanded5x.WZIUXDGQF4EXGFMCS2HGNLMUYHBRQUUF.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libbispeu.5N2XSD7URZS4WTOSLTOG4DDMA4HGB46U.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libblkdta00.LJOUU3SAGG47ULUG76DDJIAQ3SJZPC3K.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libchkder.6HLXPVTQJEGRZGLI5DFRMNW3SS76BHP6.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libcobyla2.JEGTSUUFJ7DFXWZN5PAYZTTLBDATC4WD.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libdcosqb.K4J3XBR4PEETMRHZICUWW4LXG5UONZ34.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libdcosqb.QRGA36MB6CFHWLQN6ETWARR4M4E6P3C2.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libdcsrch.I2AOPDCXAPDRFNPWY55H5UE7XZSU5CVN.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libdet.6GZFPKJ7BNDGVB7LFKBA6Z6U3VHYDRNY.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libdfft_sub.U4F67CR5EXPQGGTDKQXO4Q644NUQ3EQ6.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libdfitpack.2Y4SCYSHMU4DXJIF3BLBGBCDGFPGNXB5.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libdgamln.VNYWJHKRIIPRROV3CUDLW473BST7CGWP.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libdop853.6TJTQZW3I3Q3QIDQHEOBEZKJ3NYRXI4B.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libdqag.62LLADARAQRQLGIRWJXRQ7DKBCHYVFM7.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libd_odr.QDWMEQYLAGCKZEYTV3WWPRP5CLZ3G4WQ.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\liblbfgsb.T5BNFBSTQTIIF6ISVJFBJAWBU7OKBGPL.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libmvndst.LY22DRRGFBEFI34ZKZWNM3LQKXRWY2M2.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libnnls.5LTQOLAJY5PFO6MOEXWNMRWVFRWHYHKT.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libopenblas.BNVRK7633HSX7YVO2TADGR4A5KEKXJAW.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libslsqp_op.NNY57ZXZ43A4RH3YWFA7BKHP5PC2K3I5.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libspecfun.PT6DS3HUOGYNSXUO4OUKK6ATA7B5KP2K.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libSTOPTEST.ULMD4CATLBJOTE3KABHKOG56HAQIX5F6.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libvode.XW5WVKKTDJOOC5XUHCVKZ4AYR2TXGRF4.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libwrap_dum.G2F2CGV7KURTEF5GFBNVGKVM6FV5JBCV.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\libwrap_dum.XGSO5H22J6VUAWYNCLIXCV2EJ754HJMI.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\lib_arpack-.BSIUF6E2Z6VKRD6SNEY37WASTOLCKTAP.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\lib_blas_su.C3OGRVVRISPWLMOVEY4KXYSPKJEZ7QG6.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.'),
('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\envs\\py34\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\extra-dll\\lib_test_fo.JF5HTWMUPBXWGAYEBVEJU3OZAHTSVKCT.gfortran-win_amd64.dll', '.')]

a = Analysis(['constantG_constantHz.py'],
         pathex=['C:\\Users\\esandberg\\Desktop'],
         binaries=mkl_dlls,
         datas=[('C:\\Users\\erik\\AppData\\Local\\Continuum\\anaconda3\\Lib\\site-packages\\scipy\\special\\_ufuncs_cxx.cp36-win_amd64.pyd','.'),],
         hiddenimports=['scipy._lib.messagestream', 'numpy', 'tkinter', 'scipy', 'matplotlib', 'fixtk', 'scipy.signal', 'scipy.signal.bsplines', 'scipy.special', 'scipy.special._ufuncs_cxx',
                        'scipy.linalg.cython_blas',
                        'scipy.linalg.cython_lapack',
                        'scipy.integrate',
                        'scipy.integrate.quadrature',
                        'scipy.integrate.odepack',
                        'scipy.integrate._odepack',
                        'scipy.integrate.quadpack',
                        'scipy.integrate._quadpack',
                        'scipy.integrate._ode',
                        'scipy.integrate.vode',
                        'scipy.integrate._dop', 'scipy._lib', 'scipy._build_utils','scipy.__config__',
                        'scipy.integrate.lsoda', 'scipy.cluster', 'scipy.constants','scipy.fftpack','scipy.interpolate','scipy.io','scipy.linalg','scipy.misc','scipy.ndimage','scipy.odr','scipy.optimize','scipy.setup','scipy.sparse','scipy.spatial','scipy.special','scipy.stats','scipy.version'],
         hookspath=[],
         runtime_hooks=[],
         excludes=[],
         win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
         win_private_assemblies=False,
         cipher=block_cipher)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
         cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,
      a.scripts,
      a.binaries,
      a.zipfiles,
      a.datas,
      name='constantG_constantHz',
      debug=False,
      strip=False,
      upx=False,
      runtime_tmpdir=None,
      console=True )