如何使用 R 创建时间序列螺旋图

Question

我想创建一个时间序列，在视觉上描绘成这样的螺旋图。我希望滴答声以几个月而不是几小时为单位。每个螺旋将代表年而不是天。我想选择将主要刻度分为四个次要刻度（以周表示）或没有次要刻度，而只有几个月的主要刻度。

Time-Spiral Graph

我已经包含了一个模拟数据样本。每日温度平均值可以分为四个箱（以周表示）。

Year    Month   Day Temperature
1993    January 1   9
1993    January 2   6
1993    January 3   6
1993    January 4   5
1993    January 5   5
1993    January 6   5
1993    January 7   8
1993    January 8   9
1993    January 9   6
1993    January 10  5
1993    January 11  7
1993    January 12  10
1993    January 13  7
1993    January 14  10
1993    January 15  5
1993    January 16  5
1993    January 17  7
1993    January 18  7
1993    January 19  10
1993    January 20  8
1993    January 21  9
1993    January 22  8
1993    January 23  9
1993    January 24  9
1993    January 25  5
1993    January 26  6
1993    January 27  7
1993    January 28  6
1993    January 29  8
1993    January 30  8
1993    January 31  10
1993    February    1   8
1993    February    2   9
1993    February    3   9
1993    February    4   6
1993    February    5   5
1993    February    6   9
1993    February    7   8
1993    February    8   10
1993    February    9   9
1993    February    10  6
1993    February    11  6
1993    February    12  9
1993    February    13  8
1993    February    14  6
1993    February    15  6
1993    February    16  9
1993    February    17  10
1993    February    18  5
1993    February    19  7
1993    February    20  6
1993    February    21  8
1993    February    22  9
1993    February    23  5
1993    February    24  10
1993    February    25  10
1993    February    26  8
1993    February    27  10
1993    February    28  9
1993    March   1   10
1993    March   2   9
1993    March   3   9
1993    March   4   6
1993    March   5   7
1993    March   6   6
1993    March   7   5
1993    March   8   10
1993    March   9   9
1993    March   10  8
1993    March   11  9
1993    March   12  7
1993    March   13  7
1993    March   14  6
1993    March   15  6
1993    March   16  9
1993    March   17  7
1993    March   18  6
1993    March   19  10
1993    March   20  7
1993    March   21  6
1993    March   22  6
1993    March   23  10
1993    March   24  9
1993    March   25  8
1993    March   26  6
1993    March   27  5
1993    March   28  5
1993    March   29  10
1993    March   30  7
1993    March   31  8
1993    April   1   6
1993    April   2   7
1993    April   3   10
1993    April   4   7
1993    April   5   8
1993    April   6   5
1993    April   7   7
1993    April   8   5
1993    April   9   10
1993    April   10  7
1993    April   11  6
1993    April   12  9
1993    April   13  10
1993    April   14  10
1993    April   15  6
1993    April   16  5

有一个线程显示了实现这一点所需的代码（How to Create A Time-Spiral Graph Using R）；但是，我很难理解代码并对其进行修改以适应我的目的。我希望有人可以为我指明正确的方向或帮助我自定义代码。

谢谢！！

Answer 1

正如@42 所说，听起来您需要做一些其他的预处理来让您的数据为您想要的东西做好准备。

在 ggplot 中，这是我将采取的方法。首先将您的数据打印为条形图。然后添加上升基线。最后，使用 coord_polar 将其围绕一个年度循环。

sample <- data.frame(date = seq.Date(from = as.Date("1993-01-01"), to = as.Date("1996-12-31"), by = 1),
                     day_num = 1:1461,
                     temp = rnorm(1461, 10, 2))

# as normal bar
ggplot(sample, aes(date, temp, fill = temp)) + 
  geom_col() +
  scale_fill_viridis_c() + theme_minimal()
  # or use the fill pattern below to replicate OP picture:
  # scale_fill_gradient2(low="green", mid="yellow", high="red", midpoint=10)

# as ascending bar
ggplot(sample, aes(date, 0.01*day_num + temp/2, 
                   height = temp, fill = temp)) + 
  geom_tile() +
  scale_fill_viridis_c() + theme_minimal()

# as spiral
ggplot(sample, aes(day_num %% 365, 
               0.05*day_num + temp/2, height = temp, fill = temp)) + 
  geom_tile() + 
  scale_y_continuous(limits = c(-20, NA)) +
  scale_x_continuous(breaks = 30*0:11, minor_breaks = NULL, labels = month.abb) +
  coord_polar() + 
  scale_fill_viridis_c() + theme_minimal()