如何在 VC++ 中管理更大的项目？

Question

我已经写了很长一段时间的小型sn-ps或单个项目，但这次我遇到了一个“解决方案”，它需要附加多个项目。

那么，为什么需要这个？因为我的项目是这样的：

• 核心位于静态库中
• 有一个需要核心功能的可执行文件
• 有一个需要核心函数的 DLL
• 其他一些小项目

好吧，这并不难，这是合乎逻辑的。我不想每次都编译内核，所以我把它放在一个lib中。当我开始编译时，唯一的问题开始出现。

一个简单的#pragma comment(lib,"mylibrary.lib") 是不够的，解决方案找不到这个文件。我必须执行以下技巧来编译我的解决方案：#pragma comment(lib,"..\\Release\\mylib.lib")。

当然这不是最好的解决方案，因为如果我在调试模式下编译它会怎样？也许我可以写一个定义，但感觉不是很专业。甚至编译后出现问题。我收到大量警告：

2>Lib32Anticheat.lib(disasm.obj) : warning LNK4204: 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\Lib32Anticheat.pdb' is missing debugging information for referencing module; linking object as if no debug info
2>Lib32Anticheat.lib(disasm_x86.obj) : warning LNK4204: 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\Lib32Anticheat.pdb' is missing debugging information for referencing module; linking object as if no debug info
2>Lib32Anticheat.lib(cpu.obj) : warning LNK4204: 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\Lib32Anticheat.pdb' is missing debugging information for referencing module; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(dyn_tls_dtor.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(dyn_tls_dtor.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(dyn_tls_init.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(dyn_tls_init.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(matherr_detection.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(matherr_detection.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(guard_support.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(guard_support.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(gs_cookie.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(gs_cookie.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(gs_report.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(gs_report.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(gs_support.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(gs_support.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(pesect.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(pesect.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(cpu_disp.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(cpu_disp.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(ehprolg3.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(ehprolg3.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(secchk.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(secchk.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(loadcfg.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(loadcfg.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(argv_mode.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(argv_mode.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(commit_mode.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(commit_mode.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(denormal_control.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(denormal_control.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(file_mode.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(file_mode.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(fltused.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(fltused.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(invalid_parameter_handler.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(invalid_parameter_handler.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(matherr.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(matherr.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(new_mode.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(new_mode.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(thread_locale.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(thread_locale.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(ehvecdtr.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(ehvecdtr.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(std_type_info_static.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(std_type_info_static.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(tncleanup.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(tncleanup.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(delete_array.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(delete_array.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(delete_scalar.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(delete_scalar.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(new_array.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(new_array.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(new_scalar.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(new_scalar.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(throw_bad_alloc.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(throw_bad_alloc.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(thread_safe_statics.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(thread_safe_statics.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(exe_main.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(exe_main.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(tlssup.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(tlssup.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(initializers.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(initializers.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(utility.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(utility.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(default_precision.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(default_precision.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(utility_desktop.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(utility_desktop.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(utility_static.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(utility_static.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>LIBCMT.lib(initsect.obj) : warning LNK4099: PDB 'libcmt.pdb' was not found with 'LIBCMT.lib(initsect.obj)' or at 'C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\libcmt.pdb'; linking object as if no debug info
2>  Win32Anticheat.vcxproj -> C:\Users\Unknown User\Desktop\Lib32Anticheat\Release\Win32Anticheat.exe

因此，在该日志之后，我认为它缺少调试信息，这会使查找错误变得更加困难。在调试模式下，我没有收到此类警告，但我认为我应该调整某些内容或做出一些不同的事情，以确保发布模式不会发出此类警告。

Answer 1

就我个人而言，我不会将您产品的核心设为静态库。您的 DLL 和您的 EXE 将各自获得其自己的副本，这将是两个不同且独立的实体。任何应该是静态的和单一的，都将被加倍。而且您的程序可能无法按预期运行。

其次，我认为 LNK4099 警告不能被抑制。如果您得到它们，可能是因为您在构建调试时链接了发布库，反之亦然。

我个人不会使用#pragma 语句来进行链接。我在过去看到过它，而那些项目总是建造得很糟糕。在项目中指定您的库链接或制作文件：这就是它们的用途。