如何根据 Excel 电子表格中重复标题的值在 R 中创建新列？

Question

我正在尝试读取多个 Excel 电子表格，其中数据被组织成表格。 （电子表格当前在图像中的外观示例）：

Data in Excel to be transformed in R, has repeated tables

我需要将实验单元（牛）作为自己的分析列，但它只位于每个表的表头中。关于在 R 中重新排列数据的最佳方法的任何想法？电子表格的第一行也作为列名读入，我显然也不想这样做。这是读入 R 时工作表外观的可重现示例：

r1<-c("id","Cow 5590","...2","...3","Control","...4","...5","...6","...7","...8")
r2<-c("","","date","day","intake1","intake2","eattime","visits","dmi","vtime")
r3<-c("1","","43173","-21","24384","14.6","214","10","1.46","21.4")
r4<-c("1"," ","43174","-20","24374","17.6","217","17","1.76","27.4")
r5<-c("id","Cow 5591","...2","...3","Control","...4","...5","...6","...7","...8")
r6<-c("","","date","day","intake1","intake2","eattime","visits","dmi","vtime")
r7<-c("1"," ","43173","-21","24364","15.6","234","12","1.36","22.4")
r8<-c("1"," ","43174","-20","24884","18.6","284","18","1.86","28.4")
r9<-c("id","Cow 5592","...2","...3","Control","...4","...5","...6","...7","...8")
r10<-c("","","date","day","intake1","intake2","eattime","visits","dmi","vtime")
r11<-c("1"," ","43173","-21","24564","15.5","234","15","1.56","24.4")
r12<-c("1"," ","43174","-20","24584","15.6","254","18","1.85","34.4")

df<-data.frame(matrix(ncol=10,nrow=11))
colnames(df)<-r1
df[1,]<-r2
df[2,]<-r3
df[3,]<-r4
df[4,]<-r5
df[5,]<-r6
df[6,]<-r7
df[7,]<-r8
df[8,]<-r9
df[9,]<-r10
df[10,]<-r11
df[11,]<-r12

这就是我想要的样子：

c1<-c("id","Cow", "date","day","intake1","intake2","eattime","visits","dmi","vtime")
c2<-c("1","Cow 5590","43173","-21","24384","14.6","214","10","1.46","21.4")
c3<-c("1","Cow 5590","43174","-20","24374","17.6","217","17","1.76","27.4")
c4<-c("1","Cow 5591","43173","-21","24364","15.6","234","12","1.36","22.4")
c5<-c("1","Cow 5591","43174","-20","24884","18.6","284","18","1.86","28.4")
c6<-c("1","Cow 5592","43173","-21","24564","15.5","234","15","1.56","24.4")
c7<-c("1","Cow 5592","43174","-20","24584","15.6","254","18","1.85","34.4")

df2<-data.frame(matrix(ncol=10,nrow=6))
colnames(df2)<-c1
df2[1,]<-c2
df2[2,]<-c3
df2[3,]<-c4
df2[4,]<-c5
df2[5,]<-c6
df2[6,]<-c7

第一次海报。感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

我们可以做

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
library(janitor)
df %>%
    mutate(`Cow 5590` = na_if(trimws(`Cow 5590`), "")) %>%
   fill(`Cow 5590`) %>% 
   mutate(`Cow 5590` = replace_na(`Cow 5590`, "Cow 5590")) %>% 
   mutate(id = replace(id, 1, 'id')) %>%
   row_to_names(1) %>% 
   filter(!id  %in% c("id", "")) %>% 
   rename(Cow = `Cow 5590`) %>%
   type.convert(as.is = TRUE)

-输出

id      Cow  date day intake1 intake2 eattime visits  dmi vtime
1  1 Cow 5590 43173 -21   24384    14.6     214     10 1.46  21.4
2  1 Cow 5590 43174 -20   24374    17.6     217     17 1.76  27.4
3  1 Cow 5591 43173 -21   24364    15.6     234     12 1.36  22.4
4  1 Cow 5591 43174 -20   24884    18.6     284     18 1.86  28.4
5  1 Cow 5592 43173 -21   24564    15.5     234     15 1.56  24.4
6  1 Cow 5592 43174 -20   24584    15.6     254     18 1.85  34.4