标有美国假期的日期列表以及上周六的每天答案

【问题标题】：Date list with US holidays plus everyday from previous Saturday labeled标有美国假期的日期列表以及上周六的每天
【发布时间】：2018-05-15 05:42:29
【问题描述】：

我想创建一个从今天前三年的 1 月 1 日到未来 2 年的 12 月 31 日的日期列表。在第二列中，我想标记圣诞节 (XMAS)、新年前夜 (NYE)、元旦 (NYD)、阵亡将士纪念日 (MEM)、7 月 4 日 (JUL4)、劳动节 (LABOR)。对于后三个假期，我不仅需要标注假期日期，还要标注上周六的每一天，以便标注整个长周末。否则用工作日名称标记日期。

    SELECT STAYDATE, 
    CASE 
    WHEN TO_CHAR(STAYDATE,'MM')=12 AND TO_CHAR(STAYDATE,'DD')=25 THEN 'XMAS' 
    WHEN TO_CHAR(STAYDATE,'MM')=12 AND TO_CHAR(STAYDATE,'DD')=31 THEN 'NYE'
    WHEN TO_CHAR(STAYDATE,'MM')=01 AND TO_CHAR(STAYDATE,'DD')=01 THEN 'NYD'
    WHEN TO_CHAR(STAYDATE,'MM')=7 AND TO_CHAR(STAYDATE,'DD')=04 THEN 'JUL4'
    ELSE
    TO_CHAR(STAYDATE,'dy') END DAYLABEL
    FROM (
    SELECT TRUNC (add_months(sysdate,24) - ROWNUM) STAYDATE
    FROM DUAL CONNECT BY ROWNUM < 1000)

【问题讨论】：

那么您面临的问题是什么？
劳动节示例（5 月 1 日）：您认为只有 5 月 1 日是周五还是周一才算“长周末”？

标签： sql oracle date

【解决方案1】：

SQL Fiddle

查询 1：

SELECT DT,
       CASE
       WHEN     EXTRACT( MONTH FROM DT ) = 12
            AND EXTRACT( DAY   FROM DT ) = 25
       THEN 'XMAS'
       WHEN     EXTRACT( MONTH FROM DT ) = 12
            AND EXTRACT( DAY   FROM DT ) = 31
       THEN 'NYE'
       WHEN     EXTRACT( MONTH FROM DT ) =  1
            AND EXTRACT( DAY   FROM DT ) =  1
       THEN 'NYD'
       WHEN     EXTRACT( MONTH FROM DT ) =  7
            AND DT BETWEEN NEXT_DAY( TRUNC( DT, 'MM' ) - 4, 'SATURDAY' )
                   AND     TRUNC( DT, 'MM' ) + 3
       THEN 'JUL4'
       WHEN     EXTRACT( MONTH FROM DT ) =  9
            AND DT BETWEEN NEXT_DAY( TRUNC( DT, 'MM' ) - 1, 'MONDAY' ) - 2
                   AND     NEXT_DAY( TRUNC( DT, 'MM' ) - 1, 'MONDAY' )
       THEN 'LABOR'
       WHEN     EXTRACT( MONTH FROM DT ) =  5
            AND DT BETWEEN NEXT_DAY( TRUNC( LAST_DAY( DT ) ) - 7, 'MONDAY' ) - 2
                   AND     NEXT_DAY( TRUNC( LAST_DAY( DT ) ) - 7, 'MONDAY' )
       THEN 'MEM'
       ELSE TO_CHAR( DT, 'DY' )
       END AS day
FROM   (
  SELECT ADD_MONTHS( TRUNC( SYSDATE, 'YYYY' ), -36 ) + LEVEL - 1 AS DT
  FROM   DUAL
  CONNECT BY
         ADD_MONTHS( TRUNC( SYSDATE, 'YYYY' ), -36 ) + LEVEL - 1
           <  ADD_MONTHS( TRUNC( SYSDATE, 'YYYY' ), +24 )
)

Results：

|                   DT |   DAY |
|----------------------|-------|
| 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z |   NYD |
| 2015-01-02T00:00:00Z |   FRI |
| 2015-01-03T00:00:00Z |   SAT |
| 2015-01-04T00:00:00Z |   SUN |
| 2015-01-05T00:00:00Z |   MON |
| 2015-01-06T00:00:00Z |   TUE |
| 2015-01-07T00:00:00Z |   WED |
| 2015-01-08T00:00:00Z |   THU |
| 2015-01-09T00:00:00Z |   FRI |
| 2015-01-10T00:00:00Z |   SAT |
| 2015-01-11T00:00:00Z |   SUN |
| 2015-01-12T00:00:00Z |   MON |
...
| 2015-05-21T00:00:00Z |   THU |
| 2015-05-22T00:00:00Z |   FRI |
| 2015-05-23T00:00:00Z |   MEM |
| 2015-05-24T00:00:00Z |   MEM |
| 2015-05-25T00:00:00Z |   MEM |
| 2015-05-26T00:00:00Z |   TUE |
| 2015-05-27T00:00:00Z |   WED |
...
| 2015-07-02T00:00:00Z |   THU |
| 2015-07-03T00:00:00Z |   FRI |
| 2015-07-04T00:00:00Z |  JUL4 |
| 2015-07-05T00:00:00Z |   SUN |
| 2015-07-06T00:00:00Z |   MON |
...
| 2015-09-03T00:00:00Z |   THU |
| 2015-09-04T00:00:00Z |   FRI |
| 2015-09-05T00:00:00Z | LABOR |
| 2015-09-06T00:00:00Z | LABOR |
| 2015-09-07T00:00:00Z | LABOR |
| 2015-09-08T00:00:00Z |   TUE |
| 2015-09-09T00:00:00Z |   WED |
...
| 2015-12-23T00:00:00Z |   WED |
| 2015-12-24T00:00:00Z |   THU |
| 2015-12-25T00:00:00Z |  XMAS |
| 2015-12-26T00:00:00Z |   SAT |
| 2015-12-27T00:00:00Z |   SUN |
| 2015-12-28T00:00:00Z |   MON |
| 2015-12-29T00:00:00Z |   TUE |
| 2015-12-30T00:00:00Z |   WED |
| 2015-12-31T00:00:00Z |   NYE |
| 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z |   NYD |
| 2016-01-02T00:00:00Z |   SAT |
| 2016-01-03T00:00:00Z |   SUN |
...
| 2016-05-26T00:00:00Z |   THU |
| 2016-05-27T00:00:00Z |   FRI |
| 2016-05-28T00:00:00Z |   MEM |
| 2016-05-29T00:00:00Z |   MEM |
| 2016-05-30T00:00:00Z |   MEM |
| 2016-05-31T00:00:00Z |   TUE |
| 2016-06-01T00:00:00Z |   WED |
...
| 2016-06-30T00:00:00Z |   THU |
| 2016-07-01T00:00:00Z |   FRI |
| 2016-07-02T00:00:00Z |  JUL4 |
| 2016-07-03T00:00:00Z |  JUL4 |
| 2016-07-04T00:00:00Z |  JUL4 |
| 2016-07-05T00:00:00Z |   TUE |
| 2016-07-06T00:00:00Z |   WED |
...
| 2016-09-01T00:00:00Z |   THU |
| 2016-09-02T00:00:00Z |   FRI |
| 2016-09-03T00:00:00Z | LABOR |
| 2016-09-04T00:00:00Z | LABOR |
| 2016-09-05T00:00:00Z | LABOR |
| 2016-09-06T00:00:00Z |   TUE |
| 2016-09-07T00:00:00Z |   WED |
...
| 2016-12-23T00:00:00Z |   FRI |
| 2016-12-24T00:00:00Z |   SAT |
| 2016-12-25T00:00:00Z |  XMAS |
| 2016-12-26T00:00:00Z |   MON |
| 2016-12-27T00:00:00Z |   TUE |
| 2016-12-28T00:00:00Z |   WED |
| 2016-12-29T00:00:00Z |   THU |
| 2016-12-30T00:00:00Z |   FRI |
| 2016-12-31T00:00:00Z |   NYE |
| 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z |   NYD |
| 2017-01-02T00:00:00Z |   MON |
| 2017-01-03T00:00:00Z |   TUE |
...
| 2017-05-25T00:00:00Z |   THU |
| 2017-05-26T00:00:00Z |   FRI |
| 2017-05-27T00:00:00Z |   MEM |
| 2017-05-28T00:00:00Z |   MEM |
| 2017-05-29T00:00:00Z |   MEM |
| 2017-05-30T00:00:00Z |   TUE |
| 2017-05-31T00:00:00Z |   WED |
...
and so on...
...
| 2019-12-23T00:00:00Z |   MON |
| 2019-12-24T00:00:00Z |   TUE |
| 2019-12-25T00:00:00Z |  XMAS |
| 2019-12-26T00:00:00Z |   THU |
| 2019-12-27T00:00:00Z |   FRI |
| 2019-12-28T00:00:00Z |   SAT |
| 2019-12-29T00:00:00Z |   SUN |
| 2019-12-30T00:00:00Z |   MON |
| 2019-12-31T00:00:00Z |   NYE |

【讨论】：

太棒了！当 7 月 4 日是星期六时发出，那么长周末是星期五至星期日。当 7 月 4 日为星期日时，长周末为星期六至星期一。

【解决方案2】：

您也可以使用SCHEDULE 对象。在我看来，Calendaring Syntax 提供了比原生 DATE 函数更大的灵活性。

BEGIN
    DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_SCHEDULE('NEW_YEARS_DAY', repeat_interval => 'FREQ=YEARLY;INTERVAL=1;BYDATE=0101');
    DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_SCHEDULE('MARTIN_LUTHER_KING_DAY', repeat_interval => 'FREQ=MONTHLY;BYMONTH=JAN;BYDAY=3 MON', comments => 'Third Monday of January');
    DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_SCHEDULE('WASHINGTONS_BIRTHDAY', repeat_interval => 'FREQ=MONTHLY;BYMONTH=FEB;BYDAY=3 MON', comments => 'Third Monday of February');
    DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_SCHEDULE('LABOR_DAY', repeat_interval => 'FREQ=YEARLY;BYDATE=0501');
    DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_SCHEDULE('MEMORIAL_DAY', repeat_interval => 'FREQ=MONTHLY;BYMONTH=MAY;BYDAY=-1 MON', comments => 'Last Monday of May');
    DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_SCHEDULE('INDEPENDENCE_DAY', repeat_interval => 'FREQ=YEARLY;INTERVAL=1;BYDATE=0704');
    DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_SCHEDULE('CHRISTMAS_DAY', repeat_interval => 'FREQ=YEARLY;INTERVAL=1;BYDATE=1225');
    DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_SCHEDULE('NEW_YEARS_EVE', repeat_interval => 'FREQ=YEARLY;INTERVAL=1;BYDATE=1231');   
END;

然后你会使用类似这样的时间表：

DECLARE
   next_run_date TIMESTAMP;   
BEGIN

    FOR aSchedule IN (SELECT * FROM USER_SCHEDULER_SCHEDULES WHERE SCHEDULE_NAME IN ('CHRISTMAS_DAY','NEW_YEARS_EVE','NEW_YEARS_DAY','INDEPENDENCE_DAY','MEMORIAL_DAY','LABOR_DAY') ) LOOP
        next_run_date := ADD_MONTHS(TRUNC(SYSDATE, 'YYYY'), -36);
        LOOP    
            DBMS_SCHEDULER.EVALUATE_CALENDAR_STRING(aSchedule.REPEAT_INTERVAL, NULL, next_run_date, next_run_date);
            EXIT WHEN next_run_date > ADD_MONTHS(TRUNC(SYSDATE, 'YYYY'), 12)-1;
            DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( TO_CHAR(next_run_date, 'YYYY-MM-DD ')||aSchedule.SCHEDULE_NAME );
            IF TO_CHAR(next_run_date, 'Dy', 'nls_date_language=american') = 'Fri' AND aSchedule.SCHEDULE_NAME IN ('INDEPENDENCE_DAY','MEMORIAL_DAY','LABOR_DAY') THEN
                DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( TO_CHAR(next_run_date+1, 'YYYY-MM-DD ')||aSchedule.SCHEDULE_NAME );
                DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( TO_CHAR(next_run_date+2, 'YYYY-MM-DD ')||aSchedule.SCHEDULE_NAME );
            END IF;
        END LOOP;
    END LOOP;

END;

2015-12-25 CHRISTMAS_DAY
2016-12-25 CHRISTMAS_DAY
2017-12-25 CHRISTMAS_DAY
2018-12-25 CHRISTMAS_DAY
2015-07-04 INDEPENDENCE_DAY
2016-07-04 INDEPENDENCE_DAY
2017-07-04 INDEPENDENCE_DAY
2018-07-04 INDEPENDENCE_DAY
2015-05-01 LABOR_DAY
2015-05-02 LABOR_DAY
2015-05-03 LABOR_DAY
2016-05-01 LABOR_DAY
2017-05-01 LABOR_DAY
2018-05-01 LABOR_DAY
2015-05-25 MEMORIAL_DAY
2016-05-30 MEMORIAL_DAY
2017-05-29 MEMORIAL_DAY
2018-05-28 MEMORIAL_DAY
2016-01-01 NEW_YEARS_DAY
2017-01-01 NEW_YEARS_DAY
2018-01-01 NEW_YEARS_DAY
2015-12-31 NEW_YEARS_EVE
2016-12-31 NEW_YEARS_EVE
2017-12-31 NEW_YEARS_EVE
2018-12-31 NEW_YEARS_EVE

【讨论】：