如何使用单个 SQL 查询获取物料清单的所有级别数据

Question

我有很多物料清单项目，其中包含它们的原材料和半成品。半成品有自己的物料清单，包括原材料和进一步的半成品等。

我想创建一个 SQL 查询，我想通过该查询获取物料清单的详细信息直到最后一级。我将为父物料清单添加一个 WHERE 子句，并且应该将详细信息提升到最后一级。不限于7级，有些项目甚至可以达到10级或15级。

以下是层次结构的示例，例如项目“A”。

下面是表的结构和里面的数据。

Answer 1

使用分层查询和过滤器仅获取叶节点。

Oracle 设置：

CREATE TABLE table_name ( bom_code, rm_code, qty ) AS
  SELECT 'A', 'B', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'A', 'C', 2 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'A', 'D', 5 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'A', 'E', 3 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'A', 'F', 8 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'D', 'G', 2 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'D', 'H', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'D', 'I', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'D', 'J', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'F', 'K', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'F', 'L', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'G', 'Z', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'G', 'AA', 3 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'I', 'M', 4 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'I', 'N', 9 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'I', 'O', 7 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'N', 'P', 6 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'N', 'Q', 12 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'N', 'R', 4 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'N', 'S', 9 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'S', 'T', 3 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'S', 'U', 2 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'T', 'V', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'T', 'W', 3 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'U', 'X', 5 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 'U', 'Y', 8 FROM DUAL;

查询：

SELECT t.*,
       SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH( BOM_CODE, '-' ) || '-' || RM_CODE AS path,
       LEVEL
FROM   table_name t
WHERE  CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF = 1
START WITH bom_code = 'A'
CONNECT BY PRIOR rm_code = bom_code;

输出：

BOM_CODE | RM_CODE |数量 |路径 |等级 :------- | :-------- | --: | :------------- | ----: 一个 |乙| 1 | -A-B | 1 一个 | C | 2 | -A-C | 1 克|机管局 | 3 | -A-D-G-AA | 3 克| Z | 1 | -A-D-G-Z | 3 D | H | 1 | -A-D-H | 2 我 |中号 | 4 | -A-D-I-M | 3 N |磷 | 6 | -A-D-I-N-P | 4 N |问 | 12 | -A-D-I-N-Q | 4 N |右 | 4 | -A-D-I-N-R | 4 T |五 | 1 | -A-D-I-N-S-T-V | 6 T | W | 3 | -A-D-I-N-S-T-W | 6 你 | X | 5 | -A-D-I-N-S-U-X | 6 你 |是 | 8 | -A-D-I-N-S-U-Y | 6 我 | ○ | 7 | -A-D-I-O | 3 D | Ĵ | 1 | -A-D-J | 2 一个 | E | 3 | -A-E | 1 F | ķ | 1 | -A-F-K | 2 F |大号 | 1 | -A-F-L | 2

查询 2：

如果您想要沿路径的总数，则使用相关子查询以反向遍历层次结构：

SELECT t.*,
       SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH( BOM_CODE, '-' ) || '-' || RM_CODE AS path,
       LEVEL,
       ( SELECT SUM( qty )
         FROM   table_name s
         START WITH t.rm_code = s.rm_code
         CONNECT BY PRIOR bom_code = rm_code ) AS total_qty
FROM   table_name t
WHERE  CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF = 1
START WITH bom_code = 'A'
CONNECT BY PRIOR rm_code = bom_code;

输出：

BOM_CODE | RM_CODE |数量 |路径 |水平 | TOTAL_QTY :------- | :-------- | --: | :------------- | ----: | --------: 一个 |乙| 1 | -A-B | 1 | 1 一个 | C | 2 | -A-C | 1 | 2 克|机管局 | 3 | -A-D-G-AA | 3 | 10 克| Z | 1 | -A-D-G-Z | 3 | 8 D | H | 1 | -A-D-H | 2 | 6 我 |中号 | 4 | -A-D-I-M | 3 | 10 N |磷 | 6 | -A-D-I-N-P | 4 | 21 N |问 | 12 | -A-D-I-N-Q | 4 | 27 N |右 | 4 | -A-D-I-N-R | 4 | 19 T |五 | 1 | -A-D-I-N-S-T-V | 6 | 28 T | W | 3 | -A-D-I-N-S-T-W | 6 | 30 你 | X | 5 | -A-D-I-N-S-U-X | 6 | 31 你 |是 | 8 | -A-D-I-N-S-U-Y | 6 | 34 我 | ○ | 7 | -A-D-I-O | 3 | 13 D | Ĵ | 1 | -A-D-J | 2 | 6 一个 | E | 3 | -A-E | 1 | 3 F | ķ | 1 | -A-F-K | 2 | 9 F |大号 | 1 | -A-F-L | 2 | 9

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