SQL - 在预期以下情况之一时遇到符号“例外”

Question

我正在尝试创建一个程序。当我运行我的代码时，我得到了错误：

21/1     PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol "EXCEPTION" when expecting one
         of the following:
         ( begin case declare exit for goto if loop mod null pragma
         raise return select update while with <an identifier>
         <a double-quoted delimited-identifier> <a bind variable> <<
         continue close current delete fetch lock insert open rollback
         savepoint set sql execute commit forall merge pipe purge

也许这与我的BEGIN 和END 语句有关？我是 SQL 新手，一直没弄明白。

这是我的代码：

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE inserttocasting(idofmovie  IN casting.movieid%TYPE,
                                            idofactor  IN casting.actorid%TYPE,
                                            newordinal IN casting.ordinal%TYPE)
IS
  identical_ordinal EXCEPTION;
  too_many_movies EXCEPTION;
BEGIN

  SELECT cast_year(idofmovie) INTO v_year FROM dual;

  IF ordinal_count(newordinal, idofmovie) >= 1 THEN
    RAISE identical_ordinal;
  ELSIF cast_count(v_year, idofactor) >= 3 THEN
    RAISE too_many_movies;
  ELSE
    INSERT INTO casting (movieid, actorid, ordinal)
    VALUES (idofmovie, idofactor, newordinal);
  END IF;

  EXCEPTION WHEN identical_ordinal THEN
    dbms_output.PUT_LINE('Ordinal already exists for this film!');

  EXCEPTION WHEN too_many_movies THEN
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('This actor has already been cast in more than three movies this year.');
    COMMIT;
END;
/

如果需要，这里是正在使用的函数的代码：

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION ordinal_count(
newordinal IN CASTING.ORDINAL%TYPE, idofmovie IN CASTING.MOVIEID%TYPE
) RETURN NUMBER AS 
p_ordinal_number NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(ACTORID)
INTO p_ordinal_number
FROM CASTING
WHERE ORDINAL = newordinal
AND MOVIEID = idofmovie;
RETURN p_ordinal_number;
END ordinal_count;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION cast_year(idofmovie IN CASTING.MOVIEID%TYPE
) RETURN NUMBER AS 
v_year NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT YEAR
INTO v_year
FROM MOVIE
WHERE MOVIEID = idofmovie;
RETURN v_year;
END cast_year;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION cast_count(v_year IN MOVIE.YEAR%TYPE, idofactor IN CASTING.ACTORID%TYPE
) RETURN NUMBER AS 
v_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(v_year)
INTO v_count
FROM CASTING
WHERE ACTORID = idofactor;
RETURN v_count;
END cast_count;
/

Answer 1

将您的第一个程序更改为：

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE insertToCasting(
  idofmovie IN CASTING.MOVIEID%TYPE,
  idofactor IN CASTING.ACTORID%TYPE,
  newordinal IN CASTING.ORDINAL%TYPE)
IS
  identical_ordinal EXCEPTION;
  too_many_movies EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
  SELECT cast_year(idofmovie)
    INTO v_year
    FROM dual;

  IF ordinal_count(newordinal, idofmovie) >= 1 THEN
    RAISE identical_ordinal;
  ELSIF cast_count(v_year, idofactor) >= 3 THEN
    RAISE too_many_movies;
  ELSE
    INSERT INTO CASTING (MOVIEID, ACTORID, ORDINAL)
      VALUES (idofmovie, idofactor, newordinal);

    COMMIT;
  END IF;
EXCEPTION
  WHEN identical_ordinal THEN
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Ordinal already exists for this film!');
  WHEN too_many_movies THEN
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('This actor has already been cast in more than three movies this year.');
END;

您可以将多个 WHEN 块放入单个 EXCEPTION 处理程序中。此外，当我怀疑您希望它遵循 INSERT 时，您在 WHEN too_many_movies... 处理程序的末尾有 COMMIT 语句。它的定位方式只有在输入 too_many_movies 处理程序时才会执行，这似乎没有意义。

并且...使用空格，卢克... :-)

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